Centre of Expertise on Human Factors at Work, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, FI-00250 Helsinki, Finland.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2010 Mar;36(2):96-108. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.2894. Epub 2010 Jan 20.
In order to establish a causal relation between shift work and cardiovascular disease (CVD), we need to verify the pathways from the former to the latter. This paper aims to review the current knowledge of the mechanisms between shift work and CVD. Shift work can increase the risk of CVD by several interrelated psychosocial, behavioral, and physiological mechanisms. The psychosocial mechanisms relate to difficulties in controlling working hours, decreased work-life balance, and poor recovery following work. The most probable behavioral changes are weight gain and smoking. The plausible physiological and biological mechanisms are related to the activation of the autonomic nervous system, inflammation, changed lipid and glucose metabolism, and related changes in the risk for atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, and type II diabetes. The data provide evidence for possible disease mechanisms between shift work and CVD, but compelling evidence on any specific mechanism is missing.
为了在轮班工作和心血管疾病（CVD）之间建立因果关系，我们需要验证从前者到后者的途径。本文旨在综述轮班工作与 CVD 之间的机制的现有知识。轮班工作可以通过几种相互关联的社会心理、行为和生理机制增加 CVD 的风险。社会心理机制与控制工作时间的困难、工作与生活平衡的减少以及工作后的恢复不良有关。最可能的行为改变是体重增加和吸烟。合理的生理和生物学机制与自主神经系统的激活、炎症、脂质和葡萄糖代谢的改变以及动脉粥样硬化、代谢综合征和 2 型糖尿病风险的相关变化有关。这些数据为轮班工作与 CVD 之间可能的疾病机制提供了证据，但关于任何特定机制的确凿证据仍然缺乏。
