Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA.
Theor Appl Genet. 2010 May;120(7):1473-83. doi: 10.1007/s00122-010-1269-x. Epub 2010 Jan 20.
Seed from upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., provides a desirable and important nutrition profile. In this study, several seed traits (protein content, oil content, seed hull fiber content, seed index, seed volume, embryo percentage) for F(3) hybrids of 13 cotton chromosome substitution lines crossed with five elite cultivars over four environments were evaluated. Oil and protein were expressed both as percentage of total seed weight and as an index which is the grams of product/100 seeds. An additive and dominance (AD) genetic model with cytoplasmic effects was designed, assessed by simulations, and employed to analyze these seed traits. Simulated results showed that this model was sufficient for analyzing the data structure with F(3) and parents in multiple environments without replications. Significant cytoplasmic effects were detected for seed oil content, oil index, seed index, seed volume, and seed embryo percentage. Additive effects were significant for protein content, fiber content, protein index, oil index, fiber index, seed index, seed volume, and embryo percentage. Dominance effects were significant for oil content, oil index, seed index, and seed volume. Cytoplasmic and additive effects for parents and dominance effects in homozygous and heterozygous forms were predicted. Favorable genetic effects were predicted in this study and the results provided evidence that these seed traits can be genetically improved. In addition, chromosome associations with AD effects were detected and discussed in this study.
陆地棉（Gossypium hirsutum L.）的种子提供了一种理想且重要的营养成分。本研究以五个优良品种为轮回亲本，与 13 个棉花染色体代换系杂交获得的 F3 杂种为材料，在四个环境下对多个种子性状（蛋白含量、油含量、种皮纤维含量、种仁指数、种子体积、胚率）进行了评价。油和蛋白含量分别表示为占种子总重量的百分比和每 100 粒种子的产品克数（油指数和蛋白指数）。设计了一种具有细胞质效应的加性-显性（AD）遗传模型，通过模拟进行了评估，并用于分析这些种子性状。模拟结果表明，该模型在没有重复的情况下，足以分析具有 F3 和父母本的多环境数据结构。细胞质效应在种子油含量、油指数、种仁指数、种子体积和种子胚率上均有显著差异。加性效应在蛋白含量、纤维含量、蛋白指数、油指数、纤维指数、种仁指数、种子体积和胚率上有显著差异。显性效应在油含量、油指数、种仁指数和种子体积上有显著差异。预测了亲本的细胞质和加性效应以及纯合和杂合状态下的显性效应。本研究预测了有利的遗传效应，结果表明这些种子性状可以通过遗传改良得到改善。此外，本研究还检测并讨论了与 AD 效应相关的染色体关联。
