Coe F L, Nakagawa Y, Parks J H
Nephrology Section, University of Chicago, IL 60637.
Am J Kidney Dis. 1991 Apr;17(4):407-13. doi: 10.1016/s0272-6386(12)80633-0.
Kidney-derived inhibitors of crystal growth and aggregation prevent supersaturations created by water conservation from expressing themselves in pathological soft tissue calcifications and intranephronal crystallizations. These inhibitors include nephrocalcin (NC), an acidic glycoprotein produced in proximal tubules and thick ascending limbs of Henle's loop, and the Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein (THP), produced only in the thick ascending limb. NC inhibits growth and aggregation of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), the major crystalline component of human renal stones, THP inhibits only COM aggregation. Patients who form COM stones produce abnormal NC molecules that lack gamma-carboxyglutamic acid and fail to inhibit COM crystallizations normally.
肾脏产生的晶体生长和聚集抑制剂可防止因水分潴留产生的过饱和状态在病理性软组织钙化和肾单位内结晶中表现出来。这些抑制剂包括肾钙蛋白（NC），一种在近端小管和髓袢升支粗段产生的酸性糖蛋白，以及仅在髓袢升支粗段产生的Tamm-Horsfall糖蛋白（THP）。NC抑制一水草酸钙（COM）的生长和聚集，COM是人类肾结石的主要晶体成分，THP仅抑制COM聚集。形成COM结石的患者会产生缺乏γ-羧基谷氨酸的异常NC分子，无法正常抑制COM结晶。
