Shivaprasad H L, Franca M, Woolcock P R, Nordhausen R, Day J M, Pantin-Jackwood M
California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA.
Avian Dis. 2009 Dec;53(4):523-32. doi: 10.1637/8916-050309-Reg.1.
Myocarditis associated with reovirus was diagnosed in 17-day-old, male turkey poults, based on virus isolation, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), demonstration of reovirus antigen in the cytoplasm of mononuclear inflammatory cells and myocytes in the heart by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and reovirus particles in the endoplasmic reticulum of myocytes by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Clinical signs in the poults included anorexia, growth depression, and increased mortality. Gross lesions in the six poults examined were increased pericardial fluid, mild-to-moderate dilation of right ventricles, pale-yellow myocardium, and ascites. Other lesions in a few birds included mild pulmonary edema, congestion, and pale serosa of the small intestine that had watery contents in their lumens. Microscopically, in the heart, there was mild-to-severe necrosis of myocytes and infiltration of primarily lymphocytes mixed with a few heterophils, macrophages, and occasionally, plasma cells and multinucleated giant cells. There was mild-to-moderate lymphoid depletion in the bursa of Fabricius. Reovirus was isolated from the heart of the turkey poults in chicken-embryo liver cells and was confirmed by RT-PCR, IHC, and TEM. A retrospective search of the laboratory database for cases of myocarditis associated with reovirus in turkeys revealed that this condition has occurred sporadically in California turkey flocks since 1991. This is the first documentation of myocarditis in turkey poults associated with reovirus.
根据病毒分离、逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）、免疫组织化学（IHC）显示心脏单核炎性细胞和心肌细胞胞质中的呼肠孤病毒抗原以及透射电子显微镜（TEM）观察到心肌细胞内质网中的呼肠孤病毒颗粒，在17日龄雄性火鸡雏中诊断出与呼肠孤病毒相关的心肌炎。火鸡雏的临床症状包括厌食、生长发育迟缓以及死亡率增加。检查的6只火鸡雏的大体病变为心包液增多、右心室轻度至中度扩张、心肌淡黄色以及腹水。少数禽类的其他病变包括轻度肺水肿、充血以及小肠浆膜苍白，肠腔内有水性内容物。显微镜下，心脏中存在轻度至重度的心肌细胞坏死，主要是淋巴细胞浸润，并伴有少量异嗜性粒细胞、巨噬细胞，偶尔还有浆细胞和多核巨细胞。法氏囊中存在轻度至中度的淋巴细胞减少。从火鸡雏的心脏中在鸡胚肝细胞中分离出呼肠孤病毒，并通过RT-PCR、IHC和TEM进行了确认。对实验室数据库中与火鸡呼肠孤病毒相关的心肌炎病例进行回顾性检索发现，自1991年以来，这种疾病在加利福尼亚的火鸡群中零星发生。这是首次记录与呼肠孤病毒相关的火鸡雏心肌炎。
