Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Epidemiol Infect. 2010 Sep;138(9):1317-21. doi: 10.1017/S0950268810000129. Epub 2010 Jan 25.
We assessed recent trends in hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence in pregnant women with HIV using data from a large national study. Based on 1240 pregnancies, we observed a 3.4-fold decline in HCV seroprevalence in pregnant women with HIV between 2001 (29.3%) and 2008 (8.6%). This decline was the net result of two components: a progressively declining HCV seroprevalence in non-African women (from 35.7% in 2001 to 16.7% in 2008), sustained by a parallel reduction in history of injecting drug use (IDU) in this population, and a significantly growing presence (from 21.2% in 2001 to 48.6% in 2008) of women of African origin, at very low risk of being HCV-infected [average HCV prevalence 1%, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for HCV 0.09, 95% CI 0.03-0.29]. Previous IDU was the stronger determinant of HCV co-infection in pregnant women with HIV (aOR 30.9, 95% CI 18.8-51.1). The observed trend is expected to translate into a reduced number of cases of vertical HCV transmission.
我们利用一项大型全国性研究的数据评估了 HIV 孕妇中丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）流行率的近期趋势。在 1240 例妊娠中，我们观察到 HIV 孕妇 HCV 血清流行率在 2001 年（29.3%）和 2008 年（8.6%）之间下降了 3.4 倍。这一下降是两个因素的净结果：非裔妇女的 HCV 血清流行率逐渐下降（从 2001 年的 35.7%降至 2008 年的 16.7%），同时该人群的注射吸毒史也在减少，以及非洲裔妇女的比例显著增加（从 2001 年的 21.2%增至 2008 年的 48.6%），她们感染 HCV 的风险极低[平均 HCV 流行率为 1%，HCV 的调整比值比（aOR）为 0.09，95%可信区间为 0.03-0.29]。先前的 IDU 是 HIV 孕妇中 HCV 合并感染的更强决定因素（aOR 30.9，95%可信区间为 18.8-51.1）。预计观察到的趋势将转化为垂直传播 HCV 病例数的减少。
