Clinical, Health and Neuropsychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2010 Sep;35(1):46-50. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.01.004. Epub 2010 Jan 21.
In daily life, not stressful events themselves but their sustained cognitive representation is likely to cause prolonged physiological activity, which is believed to lead to a pathogenic state and finally somatic disease. The typically human ability to make cognitive representations of past stressful events (rumination) or feared events in the future (worry) is called perseverative cognition (PC). PC is associated with increased activity in various bodily systems, and there is emerging evidence that it mediates the prolonged effects of stressors on physiology and on disease. Yet, there are strong reasons to believe that people may not be aware of the greater part of their stress-related cognitive processes, while several studies suggest that these processes may still cause increased physiological activity, during sleep as well as during waking. This may imply that unconscious PC is an even more important source of prolonged stress-related activity than conscious PC. Thus, 'unconscious stress' research has the potential to become a new important area and may yield new important markers of chronic stress.
在日常生活中，导致持久的生理活动的，可能不是有压力的事件本身，而是对这些事件持续的认知再现，而这种认知再现被认为会导致病态，并最终导致躯体疾病。人类通常有能力对过去的有压力的事件（反刍）或未来的恐惧事件（担忧）进行认知再现，这被称为持续认知（PC）。PC 与身体各系统活动增加有关，有新的证据表明，它介导了压力源对生理和疾病的长期影响。然而，有充分的理由相信，人们可能没有意识到自己与压力相关的认知过程的大部分，而一些研究表明，这些过程即使在睡眠和清醒期间，也可能导致生理活动增加。这可能意味着无意识的 PC 是导致与压力相关的持续活动的一个比有意识的 PC 更为重要的来源。因此，“无意识压力”研究有可能成为一个新的重要领域，并可能产生慢性压力的新的重要标志物。
