Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2010 Apr 16;34(3):441-5. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.01.013. Epub 2010 Jan 25.
Multiple motor abnormalities have been identified in some children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). These include persistence of overflow movements, impaired timing of motor responses and deficits in fine motor abilities. Motor overflow is defined as co-movement of body parts not specifically needed to efficiently complete a task. The presence of age-inappropriate overflow may reflect immaturity of the cortical systems involved in automatic motor inhibition. Theories on overflow movements consistently implicate impairments in white matter (WM) tracts, including the corpus callosum. WM connections might be altered selectively in brain networks and thus influence motor behaviours. We reviewed the scientific contributions on overflow movements and WM abnormalities in ADHD. They suggest that WM abnormalities in motor/premotor circuits, which are important for motor response inhibition, might be responsible for overflow movements in patients with ADHD.
一些患有注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童存在多种运动异常。这些异常包括运动溢出的持续存在、运动反应时间受损和精细运动能力缺陷。运动溢出被定义为完成任务时不需要的身体部位的协同运动。年龄不适当的溢出的存在可能反映了参与自动运动抑制的皮质系统不成熟。关于运动溢出的理论一致表明白质（WM）束存在损伤，包括胼胝体。WM 连接可能会在脑网络中选择性改变，从而影响运动行为。我们回顾了关于 ADHD 中运动溢出和 WM 异常的科学贡献。它们表明，运动/运动前回路中的 WM 异常可能与 ADHD 患者的运动溢出有关，因为这些回路对运动反应抑制很重要。
