Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Namik Kemal University, 59100 Tekirdag, Turkey.
Waste Manag. 2010 May;30(5):799-803. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2010.01.007. Epub 2010 Jan 25.
The use of biodiesel as fuel from alternative sources has increased considerably over recent years, affording numerous environmental benefits. Biodiesel an alternative fuel for diesel engines is produced from renewable sources such as vegetable oils or animal fats. However, the high costs implicated in marketing biodiesel constitute a major obstacle. To this regard therefore, the use of waste frying oils (WFO) should produce a marked reduction in the cost of biodiesel due to the ready availability of WFO at a relatively low price. In the present study waste frying oils collected from several McDonald's restaurants in Istanbul, were used to produce biodiesel. Biodiesel from WFO was prepared by means of three different transesterification processes: a one-step base-catalyzed, a two-step base-catalyzed and a two-step acid-catalyzed transesterification followed by base transesterification. No detailed previous studies providing information for a two-step acid-catalyzed transesterification followed by a base (CH(3)ONa) transesterification are present in literature. Each reaction was allowed to take place with and without tetrahydrofuran added as a co-solvent. Following production, three different procedures; washing with distilled water, dry wash with magnesol and using ion-exchange resin were applied to purify biodiesel and the best outcome determined. The biodiesel obtained to verify compliance with the European Standard 14214 (EN 14214), which also corresponds to Turkish Biodiesel Standards.
近年来，生物柴油作为替代燃料的使用显著增加，带来了众多环境效益。生物柴油是一种替代柴油机燃料，由可再生资源如植物油或动物脂肪制成。然而，生物柴油的高营销成本构成了一个主要障碍。在这方面，因此，使用废食用油（WFO）应该会由于 WFO 的大量可用性和相对较低的价格而显著降低生物柴油的成本。在本研究中，使用从伊斯坦布尔几家麦当劳餐厅收集的废食用油来生产生物柴油。通过三种不同的酯交换工艺制备 WFO 生物柴油：一步碱催化、两步碱催化和两步酸催化酯交换后再进行碱催化酯交换。文献中没有详细的先前研究提供两步酸催化酯交换后再进行碱（CH(3)ONa）酯交换的信息。每个反应都在加入和不加入四氢呋喃作为共溶剂的情况下进行。生产后，应用了三种不同的方法：用蒸馏水洗涤、用无水硫酸镁干燥洗涤和使用离子交换树脂来纯化生物柴油，并确定最佳结果。所获得的生物柴油经过验证符合欧洲标准 14214（EN 14214），也符合土耳其生物柴油标准。
