Laboratoire des Collisions Atomiques et Moléculaires (UMR 8625), Université Paris-Sud 11, CNRS, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France.
Nanotechnology. 2010 Feb 26;21(8):85103. doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/8/085103. Epub 2010 Jan 26.
Recently, the use of gold nanoparticles as potential tumor selective radiosensitizers has been proposed as a breakthrough in radiotherapy. Experiments in living cells and in vivo have demonstrated the efficiency of the metal nanoparticles when combined with low energy x-ray radiations (below conventional 1 MeV Linac radiation). Further studies on DNA have been performed in order to better understand the fundamental processes of sensitization and to further improve the method. In this work, we propose a new strategy based on the combination of platinum nanoparticles with irradiation by fast ions effectively used in hadron therapy. It is observed in particular that nanoparticles enhance strongly lethal damage in DNA, with an efficiency factor close to 2 for double strand breaks. In order to disentangle the effect of the nano-design architecture, a comparison with the effects of dispersed metal atoms at the same concentration has been performed. It is thus shown that the sensitization in nanoparticles is enhanced due to auto-amplified electronic cascades inside the nanoparticles, which reinforces the energy deposition in the close vicinity of the metal. Finally, the combination of fast ion radiation (hadron therapy) with platinum nanoparticles should strongly improve cancer therapy protocols.
最近，金纳米粒子作为潜在的肿瘤选择性放射增敏剂的应用被认为是放射治疗的一个突破。在活细胞和体内实验中已经证明了金属纳米粒子在与低能 X 射线（低于传统的 1 MeV 直线加速器辐射）结合时的效率。为了更好地理解增敏的基本过程并进一步改进该方法，对 DNA 进行了进一步的研究。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种新的策略，基于将铂纳米粒子与在强离子治疗中有效使用的快速离子辐照相结合。特别观察到纳米粒子强烈增强了 DNA 中的致死损伤，双链断裂的效率因子接近 2。为了厘清纳米设计结构的影响，我们将其与相同浓度的分散金属原子的影响进行了比较。因此，证明了纳米粒子中的增敏作用是由于纳米粒子内部的自动放大电子级联引起的，这加强了金属附近的能量沉积。最后，将快速离子辐射（强离子治疗）与铂纳米粒子相结合，应该会大大改善癌症治疗方案。
