Calugaru Valentin, Magné Nicolas, Hérault Joel, Bonvalot Sylvie, Le Tourneau Christophe, Thariat Juliette
Institut Curie, département d'oncologie radiothérapie, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.
Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France; Université Jean-Monnet, faculté de médecine Jacques-Lisfranc, 15, rue Ambroise-Paré, 42100 Saint-Étienne, France; Université de Lyon 1, faculté de médecine Lyon-Sud, laboratoire de radiobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire, EMR3738, équipe 4, 165, chemin du Petit-Revoyet, 69921 Oullins, France.
Bull Cancer. 2015 Jan;102(1):83-91. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2014.10.002. Epub 2015 Jan 9.
Nanoparticles have emerged in oncology as new therapeutic agents of distinct biochemical and physical properties, and pharmacokinetics. Current rationale and clinical applications in combination with radiation therapy were analyzed.
A review of the literature was conducted on nanoparticles as radiosensitizers, with a focus on metallic nanoparticles and radiosensitization mechanisms.
Nanoparticles are mainly used as vectors for drugs or to potentiate dose deposit selectively in irradiated tissues. Preclinical data suggest a predominating effect in the kilovoltage range through a photoelectric effect and a potential in the megavoltage range under a combination of physical and biochemical (diameter, concentration, site of infusion etc) conditions. Several clinical trials are ongoing with metallic/crystalline nanoparticles.
Nanoparticles have shown a potential for better therapeutic index with radiation therapy, which is being increasingly investigated clinically.
纳米颗粒已在肿瘤学领域崭露头角，成为具有独特生化和物理特性以及药代动力学的新型治疗药物。本文对纳米颗粒与放射治疗联合应用的当前理论依据和临床应用进行了分析。
对纳米颗粒作为放射增敏剂的文献进行了综述，重点关注金属纳米颗粒及其放射增敏机制。
纳米颗粒主要用作药物载体，或用于在受照射组织中选择性增强剂量沉积。临床前数据表明，在千伏范围内，通过光电效应其具有主要作用，而在兆伏范围内，在物理和生化（直径、浓度、输注部位等）条件的综合作用下具有潜在作用。目前正在进行多项关于金属/晶体纳米颗粒的临床试验。
纳米颗粒已显示出与放射治疗联合应用时具有提高治疗指数的潜力，目前正在临床上进行越来越多的研究。
