The University of Georgia, Department of Environmental Health Science, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Environ Microbiol. 2010 Apr;12(4):964-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02141.x. Epub 2009 Dec 26.
To address the issue of human sewage reaching corals along the main reef of the Florida Keys, samples were collected from surface water, groundwater and coral [surface mucopolysaccharide layers (SML)] along a 10 km transect near Key Largo, FL. Samples were collected semi-annually between July 2003 and September 2005 and processed for faecal indicator bacteria (faecal coliform bacteria, enterococci and Clostridium perfringens) and human-specific enteric viruses (enterovirus RNA and adenovirus DNA) by (RT)-nested polymerase chain reaction. Faecal indicator bacteria concentrations were generally higher nearshore and in the coral SML. Enteric viruses were evenly distributed across the transect stations. Adenoviruses were detected in 37 of 75 samples collected (49.3%) whereas enteroviruses were only found in 8 of 75 samples (10.7%). Both viruses were detected twice as frequently in coral compared with surface water or groundwater. Offshore, viruses were most likely to be found in groundwater, especially during the wet summer season. These data suggest that polluted groundwater may be moving to the outer reef environment in the Florida Keys.
为了解决佛罗里达群岛主珊瑚礁沿线人类污水进入珊瑚的问题，从佛罗里达州拉戈基附近的 10 公里横断面上的地表水、地下水和珊瑚[表面粘多糖层（SML）]中采集了样本。这些样本是在 2003 年 7 月至 2005 年 9 月之间半年度收集的，并通过（RT）巢式聚合酶链反应处理了粪便指示菌（粪便大肠菌群、肠球菌和产气荚膜梭菌）和人类特异性肠道病毒（肠道病毒 RNA 和腺病毒 DNA）。粪便指示菌的浓度通常在近岸和珊瑚 SML 附近较高。肠道病毒在横断面上的各个站点均匀分布。在采集的 75 个样本中，有 37 个（49.3%）检测到腺病毒，而只有 8 个（10.7%）检测到肠道病毒。与地表水或地下水相比，这两种病毒在珊瑚中检测到的频率是其两倍。在近海地区，病毒最有可能在地下水中发现，尤其是在潮湿的夏季。这些数据表明，受污染的地下水可能正在向佛罗里达群岛的外礁环境移动。
