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J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2010 Jan;71(1):15-22. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2010.71.15.
The present study examined drinking rates of U.S. Navy and Air Force trainees during the month before attending basic training and after the ban on drinking alcohol was lifted during advanced training.
Surveys were obtained at five training bases (one U.S. Navy, four U.S. Air Force) from 6,298 persons for a response rate of 65%. Analyses were based on 4,962 young adults ages 18-25 (82% male) who gave valid responses about pre-basic drinking.
Findings showed a rate of 43.1% heavy episodic drinking during the month before basic training, 15.8% by infrequent heavy episodic drinkers (five or more drinks per occasion at least once, four or more for women), and 27.3% by frequent heavy episodic drinkers (five or more drinks per occasion, four or more for women, at least once a week). Pre-basic frequent heavy episodic drinkers averaged 7.9 drinks per occasion and nearly 15 heavy episodic drinking days during the month. In contrast, heavy episodic drinking following basic training was substantially lower: 12.0% for infrequent heavy episodic drinkers and 9.0% for frequent heavy episodic drinkers. Comparisons with the U.S. Department of Defense Health Related Behaviors Survey suggest that post-basic frequent heavy episodic drinking rates are likely to increase over time but not to pre-basic levels. Pre-basic infrequent and frequent heavy episodic drinkers were more likely than nondrinkers or non-heavy episodic drinkers to initiate or re-initiate frequent heavy episodic drinking. Frequent heavy episodic drinking after basic tended to occur 1-6 weeks after the ban on alcohol use was lifted.
Selection and socialization help explain heavy episodic drinking of U.S Navy and U.S. Air Force trainees.
本研究调查了美国海军和空军学员在参加基础训练前一个月和高级训练期间禁酒令解除后的饮酒率。
在五个训练基地（一个美国海军，四个美国空军）从 6298 人中获得了调查，回应率为 65%。分析基于 4962 名年龄在 18-25 岁之间（82%为男性）的年轻成年人，他们对基础前饮酒给出了有效的回应。
调查结果显示，在基础训练前一个月，有 43.1%的人重度间歇性饮酒，15.8%的人轻度重度间歇性饮酒（至少一次每次喝五杯或更多酒，四杯或更多酒对女性），27.3%的人频繁重度间歇性饮酒（至少一次每周一次每次喝五杯或更多酒，四杯或更多酒对女性）。基础前频繁重度间歇性饮酒者平均每次饮酒 7.9 杯，每月有近 15 天重度间歇性饮酒。相比之下，基础训练后的重度间歇性饮酒明显降低：轻度重度间歇性饮酒者为 12.0%，频繁重度间歇性饮酒者为 9.0%。与美国国防部健康相关行为调查相比，基础后频繁重度间歇性饮酒率可能随着时间的推移而增加，但不会达到基础前的水平。基础前的轻度和频繁重度间歇性饮酒者比不饮酒者或非重度间歇性饮酒者更有可能开始或重新开始频繁重度间歇性饮酒。基础后频繁重度间歇性饮酒往往发生在禁酒令解除后 1-6 周。
选择和社会化有助于解释美国海军和空军学员的重度间歇性饮酒行为。
