养育发育迟缓儿童：积极信念的作用。
Parenting Children with Developmental Delays: The Role of Positive Beliefs.
作者信息
Paczkowski Emilie, Baker Bruce L
机构信息
Department of Psychology University of California-Los Angeles.
出版信息
J Ment Health Res Intellect Disabil. 2008 Jul 1;1(3):156. doi: 10.1080/19315860801988392.
Parents of children with developmental delays consistently report higher levels of child behavior problems and also parenting stress than parents of typically developing children. This study examined how mothers' positive beliefs influence the relation between children's behavior problems and mothers' parenting stress among families of children who are developmentally delayed (DD: n = 72) or typically developing (TD: n = 95) and assessed at ages 3, 5, and 7 years. Positive beliefs had a main effect on parenting stress at all ages, which was mediated by child behavior problems for mothers in the DD group at every age and across time. In the TD group, mediation was found at age 3 years. Additionally, support was found for a moderation effect of positive beliefs on the relation between child behavior problems and parenting stress, but only in the DD group at age 3. These findings have implications for interventions drawing on Seligman's (1991) work on learned optimism, the positive counterpart of learned helplessness.
发育迟缓儿童的父母一直报告称，与发育正常儿童的父母相比，他们的孩子行为问题更多，育儿压力也更大。本研究考察了母亲的积极信念如何影响发育迟缓（DD组：n = 72）或发育正常（TD组：n = 95）儿童家庭中孩子的行为问题与母亲育儿压力之间的关系，并在孩子3岁、5岁和7岁时进行评估。积极信念在所有年龄段对育儿压力都有主效应，在DD组中，每个年龄段及不同时间点，母亲的积极信念都通过孩子的行为问题对育儿压力产生中介作用。在TD组中，仅在3岁时发现了中介作用。此外，研究发现积极信念对孩子行为问题与育儿压力之间的关系有调节作用，但仅在3岁的DD组中存在。这些发现对借鉴塞利格曼（1991）关于习得性乐观（习得性无助的积极对应物）的研究开展干预措施具有启示意义。
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