Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México.
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2010 Jun;61(4):369-80. doi: 10.3109/09637480903514041.
Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse correlation between a fruit and vegetable-rich diet and cardiovascular diseases; this beneficial effect of fruits and vegetables is probably due to the presence of antioxidant phytochemicals. In contrast, cigarette smoking is a high risk factor for lung and heart diseases, associated with chronic oxidative stress. In the present study, the effect of the consumption of a pear, an apple and 200 ml orange juice, during 26 days, on total plasma antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lipid profile of chronic smokers and non-smoking healthy adults was analyzed. Fruit consumption increased TAC in non-smokers, but not in smokers. In non-smokers, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol increased significantly; while in smokers, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol decreased. We may conclude fruit/juice supplementation showed different effects, depending on the smoking habit: in non-smokers it increased TAC and cholesterol; in smokers it reduced cholesterol, without inducing a TAC increase.
流行病学研究表明，富含水果和蔬菜的饮食与心血管疾病呈负相关；水果和蔬菜的这种有益作用可能归因于存在抗氧化植物化学物质。相比之下，吸烟是肺部和心脏疾病的高风险因素，与慢性氧化应激有关。在本研究中，分析了 26 天内食用梨、苹果和 200 毫升橙汁对慢性吸烟者和非吸烟者健康成年人的总血浆抗氧化能力（TAC）和血脂谱的影响。水果消费增加了不吸烟者的 TAC，但对吸烟者没有影响。在不吸烟者中，总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著增加；而在吸烟者中，总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低。我们可以得出结论，水果/果汁的补充作用因吸烟习惯而异：在不吸烟者中，它增加了 TAC 和胆固醇；在吸烟者中，它降低了胆固醇，而没有引起 TAC 的增加。
