Garcia-Pereira Fernando L, Hauptman Joe, Shih Andre C, Laird Sharon E, Pease Anthony
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Am J Vet Res. 2010 Feb;71(2):157-60. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.71.2.157.
To determine the minimal electric threshold (MET) of neurostimulation in and out of the lumbosacral epidural space necessary to cause muscle contraction of the hind limb or tail, determine an MET cutoff value that indicates epidural needle placement, and compare predictability of epidural needle placement attained by use of neurostimulation versus the standard technique that uses loss of resistance in dogs.
96 healthy Beagles.
Dogs received nonionic contrast medium (90 mg/kg) either in or out of the epidural space. Correct placement of the needle was evaluated by use of neurostimulation and loss of resistance of injection and confirmed by use of epidurography.
With the neurostimulator test, MET was significantly lower in dogs with needle placement in the epidural space (mean +/- SEM, 0.30 +/- 0.07 mA) than those with needle placement out of the epidural space (1.2 +/- 0.13 mA). When an electric current cutoff of < or = 0.28 mA for the neurostimulator test was used to suggest correct needle placement in the lumbosacral epidural space, sensitivity and specificity were 74% and 93%, respectively. The loss of resistance test had sensitivity of 63% and specificity of 90%. The combination of both tests yielded a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 83%.
Neurostimulation is a useful tool to suggest correct lumbosacral epidural needle placement in dogs.
确定引起后肢或尾巴肌肉收缩所需的腰段硬膜外腔内外神经刺激的最小电阈值（MET），确定指示硬膜外针放置位置的MET截止值，并比较使用神经刺激与使用阻力消失标准技术在犬中预测硬膜外针放置位置的可预测性。
96只健康比格犬。
犬在硬膜外腔内或腔外接受非离子型造影剂（90 mg/kg）。通过神经刺激和注射阻力消失来评估针的正确放置，并通过硬膜外造影进行确认。
在神经刺激器测试中，硬膜外腔内置针的犬的MET（平均值±标准误，0.30±0.07 mA）显著低于硬膜外腔外置针的犬（1.2±0.13 mA）。当神经刺激器测试的电流截止值≤0.28 mA用于提示腰段硬膜外腔针放置正确时，敏感性和特异性分别为74%和93%。阻力消失测试的敏感性为63%，特异性为90%。两种测试相结合产生的敏感性为89%，特异性为83%。
神经刺激是提示犬腰段硬膜外针正确放置的有用工具。
