Mountain States Regional Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Aurora, CO 80045-0507, USA.
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2010 Feb;24(1):167-80. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2009.11.007.
Arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) is a rare disorder in children. Research suggests that risk factors, outcomes, and presentation are different from those of adult stroke. In particular, prothrombotic abnormalities and large vessel arteriopathies that are nonatherosclerotic seem to play a large role in the pathogenesis of childhood AIS. This review examines the epidemiology and etiologies of neonatal and childhood AIS and provides a detailed discussion of approaches to the clinical characterization, diagnostic evaluation, and management. Long-term outcomes of recurrent AIS and neuromotor, speech, cognitive, and behavioral deficits are considered. Emphasis is on evidence underlying current knowledge and key questions for further investigation.
动脉缺血性脑卒中（AIS）在儿童中较为罕见。研究表明，其风险因素、结果和表现与成人脑卒中不同。特别是，促血栓形成异常和非动脉粥样硬化性的大血管动脉病变似乎在儿童 AIS 的发病机制中起重要作用。本综述探讨了新生儿和儿童 AIS 的流行病学和病因，并详细讨论了临床特征、诊断评估和管理方法。还考虑了复发性 AIS 和神经运动、言语、认知和行为缺陷的长期预后。重点是当前知识的依据和进一步研究的关键问题。
