Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
Microbiol Res. 2011 Jan 20;166(1):27-35. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2010.01.004. Epub 2010 Jan 29.
Methanogenesis from the biomass in the anoxic biogas reactors is catalyzed by syntrophic cooperation between anaerobic bacteria, syntrophic acetogenic bacteria and methanogenic archaea. Understanding of microbial community composition within the biogas reactors may improve the methane production from biomass fermentation. In this study, methanogenic archaea diverity of a biogas reactor supplied with swine feces as mono-substrate under mesophilic conditions was investigated. Community composition was determined by analysis of methyl coenzyme reductase subunit A gene (mcrA) clone library consisting of 123 clones. Statistical analysis of mcrA library indicated that all major groups of methanogens from our biogas reactor were detected. In the library, 57.7% clones were affiliated to Methanobacteriales, 34.2% to Methanomicrobiales, 2.4% to Methanosarcinales and about 5.7% clones belonged to unclassified euryarchaeota. Over 90% of the methanogenic archaea from our biogas reactor were postulated to be hydrogenotrophic methanogens. Comparing with other previous studies reporting that hydrogenotrophic methanogens are dominant species in the biogas plants, this study firstly reported that Methanobacteriales instead of Methanomicrobiales are the most predominant methanogenic archaea in the biogas reactor fed with swine feces as sole substrate.
产甲烷作用是由厌氧细菌、协同产乙酸菌和产甲烷古菌之间的协同作用催化的，来自于缺氧沼气反应器中的生物质。了解沼气反应器中微生物群落的组成可以提高生物质发酵产生甲烷的效率。在这项研究中，以猪粪为单一底物，在中温条件下，研究了沼气反应器中产甲烷古菌的多样性。通过对包含 123 个克隆的甲基辅酶 M 还原酶亚基 A 基因（mcrA）克隆文库的分析，确定了群落组成。mcrA 文库的统计分析表明，我们从沼气反应器中检测到了所有主要的产甲烷菌群。在该文库中，57.7%的克隆与甲烷杆菌目有关，34.2%与甲烷微菌目有关，2.4%与甲烷八叠球菌目有关，约 5.7%的克隆属于未分类的广古菌。我们沼气反应器中 90%以上的产甲烷古菌被假定为氢营养型产甲烷菌。与其他先前报道氢营养型产甲烷菌是沼气厂中优势种的研究相比，本研究首次报道了在以猪粪为唯一底物的沼气反应器中，甲烷杆菌目而不是甲烷微菌目是最主要的产甲烷古菌。
