Cortot A, Gower-Rousseau C, Colombel J F
Hôpital Claude-Huriez, Lille.
Rev Prat. 1991 Feb 11;41(5):393-6.
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) have been reported throughout the world, but their frequency is highest in Northern Europe and the USA. The mean incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) is 6/10(5) inhabitants, and that of Crohn's disease (CD) is 4/10(5) inhabitants. IBDs occur in young adults, especially Crohn's disease which reaches a peak of incidence between the ages of 20 and 30 years. Among possible factors influencing their incidence, only tobacco smoking has been shown to facilitate the acute episodes and relapses of CD and to diminish those of UC. The frequency of familial IBDs, which mainly affects first degree relatives, varies from 6.1 to 35.8%. A genetic component is present and probably more important for CD than for UC, although no genetic marker has yet been identified.
炎症性肠病（IBD）在世界各地均有报道，但其发病率在北欧和美国最高。溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的平均发病率为每10（5）名居民中有6例，克罗恩病（CD）为每10（5）名居民中有4例。IBD好发于年轻人，尤其是克罗恩病，其发病率在20至30岁之间达到峰值。在可能影响其发病率的因素中，只有吸烟被证明会促使CD急性发作和复发，并减少UC的发作。家族性IBD主要影响一级亲属，其发病率在6.1%至35.8%之间。虽然尚未确定遗传标记，但存在遗传因素，且可能对CD比对UC更重要。
