School of Chemistry, Physics and Earth Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
J Environ Manage. 2010 May;91(5):1202-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.01.008. Epub 2010 Feb 8.
This paper briefly outlines the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) and what is meant by GHS implementation in terms of policy-related information for decision-makers plus a framework of actions to enable such policies to be effectively undertaken. The paper discusses the need for simple indicators to measure progress with GHS implementation. Two groups of indicators have been described that comprehensively reflect basic components of GHS implementation. The first group was presented as aggregated indicators or indices, for national capability evaluation. Indicators to evaluate management performance linked to stated objectives were presented as the second group. Information from an Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) published questionnaire on GHS implementation and a questionnaire by the Intergovernmental Forum on Chemical Safety (IFCS) on chemical safety that included GHS have provided the basic information for applying the management capability indicators approach. Through the use of information in these two questionnaires, country-relevant and regional progress with GHS implementation was illustrated. Despite the GHS implementation target of 2008 set by the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation, very few countries have reported they have achieved this target. The simple management indicators proposed in this paper are based on adoption of a questionnaire and a numerical scoring system that could be used to chart progress towards GHS implementation. It was concluded, therefore, that the use of indicators as described in this paper does provide a quick survey of the overall situation in a country and facilitates comparison between countries across regions in terms of GHS implementation. Furthermore such results may indicate which countries require additional assistance with GHS implementation thus strengthening policies and actions across all sectors and involving governments, business, trade, and civil society.
本文简要概述了联合国全球化学品统一分类和标签制度（GHS），以及决策者相关政策信息方面的 GHS 实施含义，以及实现这些政策的行动框架。本文讨论了需要简单指标来衡量 GHS 实施进展的必要性。描述了两组指标，它们全面反映了 GHS 实施的基本组成部分。第一组指标被描述为综合指标或指数，用于国家能力评估。第二组指标是评估与既定目标相关的管理绩效的指标。经济合作与发展组织（OECD）发布的 GHS 实施情况问卷和政府间化学品安全论坛（IFCS）关于 GHS 的问卷提供了应用管理能力指标方法的基本信息。通过使用这两个问卷中的信息，说明了 GHS 实施的国家相关和区域进展情况。尽管《约翰内斯堡执行计划》设定了 2008 年的 GHS 实施目标，但很少有国家报告已实现这一目标。本文提出的简单管理指标基于采用问卷和数字评分系统，可以用来跟踪 GHS 实施进展。因此，本文中描述的指标的使用确实可以快速了解一个国家的总体情况，并促进不同地区国家之间在 GHS 实施方面的比较。此外，此类结果可能表明哪些国家在 GHS 实施方面需要额外的援助，从而加强所有部门的政策和行动，并涉及政府、企业、贸易和民间社会。
