Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2010 Feb;38(2):145-53. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.09.041.
The acculturation hypothesis proposes an overall disadvantage in health outcomes for Hispanic immigrants with more time spent living in the U.S., but little is known about how generational status and language may influence Hispanic children's relative weight and activity patterns.
To investigate associations among generation and language with relative weight (BMI z-scores), physical activity, screen time, and participation in extracurricular activities (i.e., sports, clubs) in a U.S.-based, nationally representative sample of Hispanic children.
Participants included 2012 Hispanic children aged 6-11 years from the cross-sectional 2003 National Survey of Children's Health. Children were grouped according to generational status (first, second, or third), and the primary language spoken in the home (English versus non-English). Primary analyses included adjusted logistic and multinomial logistic regression to examine the relationships among variables; all analyses were conducted between 2008 and 2009.
Compared to third-generation, English speakers, first- and second-generation, non-English speakers were more than two times more likely to be obese. Moreover, first-generation, non-English speakers were half as likely to engage in regular physical activity and sports. Both first- and second-generation, non-English speakers were less likely to participate in clubs compared to second- and third-generation, English speakers. Overall, non-English-speaking groups reported less screen time compared to third-generation, English speakers.
The hypothesis that Hispanics lose their health protection with more time spent in the U.S. was not supported in this sample of Hispanic children.
文化适应假说提出,西班牙裔移民留在美国的时间越长,其整体健康状况就越不利,但对于代际地位和语言如何影响西班牙裔儿童的相对体重和活动模式,人们知之甚少。
调查在美国具有代表性的西班牙裔儿童样本中,代际和语言与相对体重(BMI z 分数)、身体活动、屏幕时间和参加课外活动(即运动、俱乐部)之间的关联。
参与者包括来自 2003 年全国儿童健康调查的 2012 名 6-11 岁西班牙裔儿童。根据代际地位(第一代、第二代或第三代)和家庭中主要使用的语言(英语或非英语)对儿童进行分组。主要分析包括调整后的逻辑回归和多项逻辑回归,以检验变量之间的关系;所有分析均在 2008 年至 2009 年之间进行。
与第三代、英语使用者相比,第一代和第二代、非英语使用者肥胖的可能性高出两倍多。此外,第一代、非英语使用者定期进行身体活动和参加运动的可能性只有一半。与第二代和第三代、英语使用者相比,第一代和第二代、非英语使用者参加俱乐部的可能性都较低。总体而言,与第三代、英语使用者相比,非英语使用者的屏幕时间较少。
在这个西班牙裔儿童样本中,西班牙裔人在美国时间越长就越会失去健康保护的假说并未得到证实。