National Center for Health Marketing, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2010 Feb;38(2 Suppl):S292-300. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.10.028.
In 2000, the Guide to Community Preventive Services (Community Guide) completed a systematic review of the effectiveness of various approaches to increasing physical activity including informational, behavioral and social, and environmental and policy approaches. Among these approaches was the use of signs placed by elevators and escalators to encourage stair use. This approach was found to be effective based on sufficient evidence. Over the past 5 years the body of evidence of this intervention has increased substantially, warranting an updated review. This update was conducted on 16 peer-reviewed studies (including the six studies in the previous systematic review), which met specified quality criteria and included evaluation outcomes of interest. These studies evaluated two interventions: point-of-decision prompts to increase stair use and enhancements to stairs or stairwells (e.g., painting walls, laying carpet, adding artwork, playing music) when combined with point-of-decision prompts to increase stair use. This latter intervention was not included in the original systematic review. According to the Community Guide rules of evidence, there is strong evidence that point-of-decision prompts are effective in increasing the use of stairs. There is insufficient evidence, due to an inadequate number of studies, to determine whether or not enhancements to stairs or stairwells are an effective addition to point-of-decision prompts. This article describes the rationale for these systematic reviews, along with information about the review process and the resulting conclusions. Additional information about applicability, other effects, and barriers to implementation is also provided.
2000 年，社区预防服务指南（社区指南）完成了一项关于各种增加身体活动方法有效性的系统评价，包括信息、行为和社会以及环境和政策方法。这些方法中包括使用电梯和自动扶梯旁的标志来鼓励使用楼梯。基于充分的证据，该方法被证明是有效的。在过去的 5 年中，该干预措施的证据大量增加，需要进行更新审查。本次更新基于 16 项同行评审的研究（包括之前系统评价中的 6 项研究），这些研究符合规定的质量标准，并包括感兴趣的评估结果。这些研究评估了两种干预措施：用于增加楼梯使用的决策点提示，以及当与用于增加楼梯使用的决策点提示结合使用时，对楼梯或楼梯间的增强（例如，墙壁绘画、铺设地毯、添加艺术品、播放音乐）。后一种干预措施未包含在原始系统评价中。根据社区指南证据规则，有强有力的证据表明决策点提示可有效增加楼梯的使用。由于研究数量不足，没有足够的证据来确定对楼梯或楼梯间的增强是否是决策点提示的有效补充。本文描述了进行这些系统评价的基本原理，以及有关审查过程和得出的结论的信息。还提供了关于适用性、其他影响和实施障碍的更多信息。
