Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2010 Apr;14(2):211-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.01.003. Epub 2010 Feb 1.
Copper plays an essential role in normal human physiology. Copper misbalance affects heart development, CNS and liver function, influences lipid metabolism, inflammation, and resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. Recent studies yielded new information on the structure, function, and regulation of human copper transporters, uncovered unanticipated functions for copper chaperones, and established connections between copper homeostasis and other metabolic pathways. It has become apparent that the copper trafficking machinery is regulated at several levels and that the cross-talk between cell compartments contributes to the intracellular copper balance. The human copper regulon is emerging.
铜在正常人体生理学中起着至关重要的作用。铜失衡会影响心脏发育、中枢神经系统和肝功能,影响脂质代谢、炎症和对化疗药物的耐药性。最近的研究提供了关于人类铜转运蛋白的结构、功能和调节的新信息,揭示了铜伴侣蛋白的意外功能,并建立了铜稳态与其他代谢途径之间的联系。显然,铜运输机制在多个水平上受到调节,细胞区室之间的串扰有助于细胞内铜平衡。人类铜调节基因正在出现。