Human Genetics Division, MP808, Duthie Building, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
Expert Rev Proteomics. 2010 Feb;7(1):93-102. doi: 10.1586/epr.09.89.
Despite advances in molecular medicine, genomics, proteomics and translational research, prostate cancer remains the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality for men in the Western world. Clearly, early detection, targeted treatment and post-treatment monitoring are vital tools to combat this disease. Tumor markers can be useful for diagnosis and early detection of cancer, assessment of prognosis, prediction of therapeutic effect and treatment monitoring. Such tumor markers include prostate-specific antigen (prostate), cancer antigen (CA)15.3 (breast), CA125 (ovarian), CA19.9 (gastrointestinal) and serum alpha-fetoprotein (testicular cancer). However, all of these biomarkers lack sensitivity and specificity and, therefore, there is a large drive towards proteomic biomarker discovery. Current research efforts are directed towards discovering biosignatures from biological samples using novel proteomic technologies that provide high-throughput, in-depth analysis and quantification of the proteome. Several of these studies have revealed promising biomarkers for use in diagnosis, assessment of prognosis, and targeting treatment of prostate cancer. This review focuses on prostate cancer proteomic biomarker discovery and its future potential.
尽管分子医学、基因组学、蛋白质组学和转化研究取得了进展，但前列腺癌仍然是西方世界男性癌症相关死亡的第二大常见原因。显然，早期检测、靶向治疗和治疗后监测是对抗这种疾病的重要工具。肿瘤标志物可用于癌症的诊断和早期检测、预后评估、治疗效果预测和治疗监测。此类肿瘤标志物包括前列腺特异性抗原（前列腺）、癌抗原（CA）15.3（乳房）、CA125（卵巢）、CA19.9（胃肠道）和血清甲胎蛋白（睾丸癌）。然而，所有这些生物标志物都缺乏敏感性和特异性，因此，人们强烈希望发现蛋白质组学生物标志物。目前的研究工作旨在使用提供蛋白质组高通量、深度分析和定量的新型蛋白质组学技术，从生物样本中发现生物标志物。其中一些研究已经揭示了有希望的生物标志物，可用于前列腺癌的诊断、预后评估和靶向治疗。本文重点介绍前列腺癌蛋白质组生物标志物的发现及其未来潜力。
