Royal Life Saving Society - Australia, Sydney, NSW.
Med J Aust. 2010 Feb 1;192(3):123-6. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03448.x.
To explore 5 years of drowning deaths in Australia compared with a previous Australian study a decade earlier, and to assess the feasibility of achieving a 50% reduction in unintentional drowning deaths by 2020.
An audit of all unintentional drowning deaths in Australia using data from the National Coroners Information System for 1 July 2002 to 30 June 2007.
Number and rate of drowning deaths, by age, sex, location, activity, place of birth, visitor status, and involvement of alcohol or drugs.
There were 1452 drowning deaths during the study period (76.4% male). The age-adjusted rate per 100 000 people ranged from 1.61 in 2002-03 to 1.23 in 2006-07. Children aged 0-4 years had the highest rate (2.63 per 100 000 people), and 29% of deaths were of people aged 55 years or older. Over half of all deaths occurred in rivers (20.3%), at beaches (18.3%), or in swimming pools (13.3%). Alcohol was involved in 21.6% of all drowning deaths, although this varied by age.
This audit suggests that a 50% reduction in drowning fatalities by 2020 may be achievable using current knowledge and preventive systems in certain types of immersions. However, further research and new initiatives will be required, particularly to prevent drowning deaths in rivers and of older people.
与 10 年前的澳大利亚先前研究相比，探讨澳大利亚 5 年来溺水死亡情况，并评估到 2020 年实现溺水死亡人数减少 50%的目标是否可行。
利用国家验尸官信息系统的数据，对澳大利亚所有非故意溺水死亡事件进行审计，时间范围为 2002 年 7 月 1 日至 2007 年 6 月 30 日。
溺水死亡人数和溺水死亡率，按年龄、性别、地点、活动、出生地、访客身份以及是否涉及酒精或药物进行分类。
在研究期间，共有 1452 人溺水死亡（76.4%为男性）。年龄调整后每 10 万人的死亡率范围为 2002-03 年的 1.61 至 2006-07 年的 1.23。0-4 岁儿童的死亡率最高（每 10 万人 2.63 人），55 岁及以上人群的死亡率占 29%。超过一半的死亡发生在河流（20.3%）、海滩（18.3%）或游泳池（13.3%）。虽然溺水死亡人数中涉及酒精的比例因年龄而异，但仍占 21.6%。
本次审计表明，通过使用当前知识和预防系统，在某些类型的溺水事故中，到 2020 年溺水死亡人数减少 50%的目标可能是可以实现的。但是，需要进一步的研究和新的举措，特别是为了防止在河流和老年人中发生溺水死亡事件。
