Royal Life Saving Society - Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
Health Promot J Austr. 2020 Apr;31(2):184-191. doi: 10.1002/hpja.282. Epub 2019 Aug 13.
There is a scarcity of research into portable pool drowning and its prevention. This total population study examines fatal drowning among children under five in portable pools in Australia.
All child drowning deaths in portable pools for the period 1 July 2002 to 30 June 2018 were identified. A portable pool was defined as any structure used for swimming and wading which, when emptied, can be moved.
Twenty-three children (aged 0-17 years) drowned in portable pools. The drowning rate for children less than 5 years of age was 0.09 per 100 000 population. The peak age of death was 12-23 months (RR = 2.99; CI: 1.09-8.23), with the majority (n = 20 deaths) aged 16-31 months. Ninety per cent followed a fall into water. None were supervised. Children commonly resided in areas classified as socially and economically disadvantaged (85%; n = 17). Drowning rates in very remote areas were 15 times greater (RR = 15.41; CI: 0.03-7579.65) than city children. Eleven (55%) drowning deaths occurred in pools with a depth >300 mm, of which 10 (91%) were known to be unfenced.
Social determinants impact child drowning in portables pools, which can occur quickly and in just 150 mm of water. Active supervision and a regulation-compliant barrier are effective prevention stratagems, factors which were absent from the deaths in this study. SO WHAT?: Portable pool drowning disproportionately impacts those aged 16-31 months who reside in very remote areas and areas classified as having high socio-economic disadvantage. Education for these groups on fencing and supervision of children must be provided.
便携式游泳池溺水及其预防的研究相对较少。本项全人群研究调查了澳大利亚 0-5 岁儿童在便携式游泳池中溺水死亡的情况。
确定了 2002 年 7 月 1 日至 2018 年 6 月 30 日期间所有在便携式游泳池中溺水死亡的儿童。便携式游泳池是指任何用于游泳和涉水池，排空后可以移动的结构。
23 名儿童（年龄 0-17 岁）在便携式游泳池中溺水。5 岁以下儿童的溺水死亡率为每 100000 人 0.09 人。死亡的高峰年龄为 12-23 个月（RR=2.99；CI：1.09-8.23），大多数（n=20 例死亡）年龄为 16-31 个月。90%是从水中坠落。均无人看管。儿童通常居住在社会和经济条件较差的地区（85%；n=17）。非常偏远地区的溺水率高 15 倍（RR=15.41；CI：0.03-7579.65），远高于城市儿童。11（55%）例溺水死亡发生在深度大于 300mm 的游泳池中，其中 10（91%）为无围栏。
社会决定因素影响便携式游泳池中儿童溺水，溺水可能迅速发生，水深仅 150mm 即可。主动监督和符合规定的围栏是有效的预防策略，而这些因素在本研究的死亡事件中均不存在。
16-31 个月大的儿童以及居住在非常偏远地区和社会经济条件较差地区的儿童，在便携式游泳池中溺水的风险较高。必须向这些群体提供有关围栏和儿童监督的教育。
