Clinic for Horses, Dr. H. Werhahn and Dr. M. Paar, Alte Dorfstrasse 43-45, D-27367 Sottrum, Germany.
Equine Vet J. 2010 Jan;42(1):79-83. doi: 10.2746/042516409X471485.
Increasing prevalence of anthelmintic resistance in equine nematodes calls for a reexamination of current parasite control programmes to identify factors influencing control efficacy and development of resistance.
To investigate if associations occur between prevalence of parasitic nematodes and management practices.
German horse farms (n = 76) were investigated in 2003 and 2004. Information on farm and pasture management with respect to endoparasite control measures obtained using a questionnaire survey. Faecal examinations were performed in parallel.
Horses (n = 2000) were examined by faecal nematode egg counts, grouped into foals, yearlings and mature individuals for statistical analyses. Farms were categorised into 3 types, riding, stud farms and small holdings. Count regression models were used to analyse strongyle faecal egg count data. Following dichotomisation of faecal egg count (FEC) data, prevalence of strongyle and Parascaris equorum infections were assessed by logistic regression models as a function from various management factors. Yearlings on stud farms showed a 2-fold higher risk of being positive for strongyle FEC, higher (i.e. > or =3 per year) anthelmintic drug treatment frequencies were associated with reduced strongyle infection rates only in mature individuals but not in foals or yearlings, foals on farms fertilising pastures with horse manure had a significantly higher risk of being P. equorum FEC positive and yearlings on stud farms were more often showing incomplete FECR following anthelmintic treatment compared to yearlings on other farm types. The mean yearly treatment frequencies per age group were: foals 4.52, yearlings 3.26 and mature horses 2.72 times, respectively.
To delay the development of anthelmintic, resistance management should include additional nonchemotherapeutic parasite control strategies, FEC-monitoring, controlled quarantine treatment of new arrivals and control of efficacy by the faecal egg count reduction test on a regular basis.
马属动物线虫抗药性的流行率不断上升，这就要求重新审查当前的寄生虫控制方案，以确定影响控制效果和抗药性发展的因素。
调查寄生线虫的流行率与管理实践之间是否存在关联。
2003 年和 2004 年对德国马场（n=76）进行了调查。通过问卷调查获取有关农场和牧场管理以及针对内寄生虫控制措施的信息。同时进行粪便检查。
用粪便线虫卵计数检查 2000 匹马（分为幼驹、1 岁马和成年马进行统计分析）。将农场分为 3 种类型：骑乘马场、种马场和小牧场。使用计数回归模型分析马副蛔虫和普通圆形线虫的粪便卵计数数据。对粪便卵计数（FEC）数据进行二项分类后，根据各种管理因素，使用逻辑回归模型评估马副蛔虫和普通圆形线虫感染的流行率。种马场的 1 岁马 FEC 阳性的风险是普通圆形线虫感染的两倍，成年马中较高（即每年>或=3 次）的驱虫药物治疗频率与普通圆形线虫感染率降低相关，但在幼驹中不相关，用马粪施肥的农场的幼驹感染马副蛔虫的风险显著增加，种马场的 1 岁马在驱虫治疗后不完全粪便卵计数减少率（FECR）更常见，而其它类型农场的 1 岁马则不然。各年龄组的年平均治疗频率分别为：幼驹 4.52 次，1 岁马 3.26 次，成年马 2.72 次。
为了延缓抗药性的发展，驱虫药管理应包括其他非化学性寄生虫控制策略、FEC 监测、新引进动物的隔离治疗以及定期通过粪便卵计数减少试验来控制疗效。
