Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Obes Rev. 2011 Mar;12(3):205-16. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2009.00711.x.
It is the purpose of this study to systematically review the evidence of school-based interventions targeting dietary and physical activity behaviour in primary (6-12 years old) and secondary school (12-18 years old) children in Europe. Eleven studies (reported in 27 articles) met the inclusion criteria, six in primary school and five in secondary school children. Interventions were evaluated in terms of behavioural determinants, behaviour (diet and physical activity) and weight-related outcomes (body mass index [BMI] or other indicators of obesity). The results suggest that combining educational and environmental components that focus on both sides of the energy balance give better and more relevant effects. Furthermore, computer-tailored personalized education in the classroom showed better results than a generic classroom curriculum. Environmental interventions might include organized physical activities during breaks, or before and after school; improved availability of physical activity opportunities in and around the school environment; increased physical education lesson time; improved availability or accessibility of healthy food options; and restricted availability and accessibility of unhealthy food options. More high-quality studies are needed to assess obesity-related interventions in Europe.
本研究旨在系统回顾欧洲以小学（6-12 岁）和中学（12-18 岁）儿童为对象、针对饮食和身体活动行为的基于学校的干预措施的证据。符合纳入标准的有 11 项研究（在 27 篇文章中报告），其中 6 项在小学开展，5 项在中学开展。干预措施从行为决定因素、行为（饮食和身体活动）和与体重相关的结果（体重指数[BMI]或肥胖的其他指标）方面进行了评估。结果表明，结合以能量平衡的两个方面为重点的教育和环境组成部分，可产生更好和更相关的效果。此外，课堂上的个性化计算机教育比通用课堂课程显示出更好的效果。环境干预措施可能包括课间、上下学期间组织的身体活动；改善学校环境内外的身体活动机会；增加体育课时间；改善健康食品选择的供应或可及性；以及限制不健康食品选择的供应或可及性。需要更多高质量的研究来评估欧洲与肥胖相关的干预措施。
