通过在越南河内开展针对学童的健康生活方式干预项目来降低超重和肥胖的发生率：一项随机对照试验。

Reducing the incidence of overweight and obesity by a healthy lifestyle intervention program for schoolchildren in Hanoi, Vietnam: a randomized controlled trial.

机构信息

NCGM-Bach Mai Hospital Medical Collaboration Center, 78 Giai Phong Rd, Hanoi, Vietnam.

Center of Infectious Diseases, Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong Rd, Hanoi, Vietnam.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2024 Sep 27;24(1):2579. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20120-9.

DOI:10.1186/s12889-024-20120-9

PMID:39334085

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11428474/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The increasing incidence and prevalence of childhood overweight (OW) and obesity (OB) are major global health challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a 2-year healthy lifestyle intervention program in reducing the incidence of OW and OB among schoolchildren aged 11-12 years in Vietnam.

METHODS

Study design: Randomized controlled trial.

PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS

In total, 733 students participated in this study. Participants were included from four schools in Hanoi based on a random cluster sampling method. Students' health outcomes were assessed at baseline and after 2 years.

MAIN OUTCOMES

The primary outcomes were the incidence of OW and OB, and the secondary outcomes were the prevalence and remission of OW and OB. Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to determine the outcomes and risk factors.

RESULTS

After the intervention, the prevalence of OW decreased by 9.24% in the intervention group and 3.01% in the control group. After adjustment for age and sex, the odds of overweight were 36.7% lower in the intervention group than in the control group (OR = 0.633; 95% CI: 0.434-0.925; P = 0.018). The incidence of OW was 1.31% in the intervention group compared with 5.33% in the control group. After adjustment for age and sex, the odds of incident overweight in the intervention group were 77.4% lower than in the control group (OR = 0.226; 95% CI: 0.063-0.813; P = 0.023). The proportion of patients who achieved OW remission was 41.22% in the intervention group and 28.68% in the control group. After adjustment for age and sex, the odds of OW remission of overweight were 2.219 times greater in the intervention group than in the control group (OR = 2.219; 95% CI: 1.220-4.036; P = 0.009). For most OB-related factors, there were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups.

CONCLUSION

A multicomponent healthy lifestyle intervention was effective in reducing the incidence of OW; however, it had no significant effect on OB among children aged 11-12 years in Hanoi, Vietnam.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

Retrospectively registered number: UMIN000014992, 20/08/2023.

摘要

背景

儿童超重（OW）和肥胖（OB）的发病率和患病率不断上升，是全球主要的健康挑战之一。本研究旨在评估一项为期 2 年的健康生活方式干预计划在降低越南 11-12 岁学龄儿童 OW 和 OB 发生率方面的有效性。

方法

研究设计：随机对照试验。

参与者和干预措施

共有 733 名学生参与了这项研究。参与者通过随机整群抽样方法从河内的四所学校中抽取。在基线和 2 年后评估学生的健康结果。

主要结果

主要结局是 OW 和 OB 的发生率，次要结局是 OW 和 OB 的患病率和缓解率。使用广义估计方程（GEE）确定结局和危险因素。

结果

干预后，干预组 OW 的患病率下降了 9.24%，而对照组下降了 3.01%。调整年龄和性别后，干预组超重的几率比对照组低 36.7%（OR=0.633；95%CI：0.434-0.925；P=0.018）。干预组 OW 的发病率为 1.31%，而对照组为 5.33%。调整年龄和性别后，干预组超重的发病率比对照组低 77.4%（OR=0.226；95%CI：0.063-0.813；P=0.023）。干预组达到 OW 缓解的患者比例为 41.22%，对照组为 28.68%。调整年龄和性别后，干预组 OW 缓解的几率是对照组的 2.219 倍（OR=2.219；95%CI：1.220-4.036；P=0.009）。对于大多数与 OB 相关的因素，干预组和对照组之间没有显著差异。