Institute for Biomedical Research into Human Movement and Health, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2010 Mar;39(1):183-200, xi. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2009.10.002.
Endurance athletes demonstrate an exceptional resistance to fatigue when exercising at high intensity. Much research has been devoted to the contribution of aerobic capacity for the economy of endurance performance. Important aspects of the fine-tuning of metabolic processes and power output in the endurance athlete have been overlooked. This review addresses how training paradigms exploit bioenergetic pathways in recruited muscle groups to promote the endurance phenotype. A special focus is laid on the genome-mediated mechanisms that underlie the conditioning of fatigue resistance and aerobic performance by training macrocycles and complements. The available data on work-induced muscle plasticity implies that different biologic strategies are exploited in athletic and untrained populations to boost endurance capacity. Olympic champions are probably endowed with a unique constitution that renders the conditioning of endurance capacity for competition particularly efficient.
耐力运动员在高强度运动时表现出非凡的抗疲劳能力。大量研究致力于探讨有氧能力对耐力表现的经济性的贡献。然而，耐力运动员代谢过程和功率输出的精细调节的重要方面却被忽视了。本综述探讨了训练模式如何利用募集肌肉群中的生物能量途径来促进耐力表型。特别关注的是基因组介导的机制，这些机制是通过训练大周期和补充来为抗疲劳能力和有氧表现奠定基础。关于运动诱导的肌肉可塑性的现有数据表明，在竞技和非训练人群中，可能利用了不同的生物学策略来提高耐力能力。奥运冠军可能具有独特的体质，使他们的耐力能力训练对比赛特别有效。
