HPV 疫苗的预防和治疗前景。
Perspectives for preventive and therapeutic HPV vaccines.
机构信息
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
出版信息
J Formos Med Assoc. 2010 Jan;109(1):4-24. doi: 10.1016/s0929-6646(10)60017-4.
Abstract
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) has been associated with several human cancers, including cervical cancer, vulvar cancer, vaginal and anal cancer, and a subset of head and neck cancers. Thus effective vaccination against HPV provides an opportunity to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with HPV. The Food and Drug Administration of the United States has approved two preventive vaccines to limit the spread of HPV. However, these are unlikely to impact upon HPV prevalence and cervical cancer rates for many years. Furthermore, preventive vaccines do not exert therapeutic effects on pre-existing HPV infections and HPV-associated lesions. In order to further impact upon the burden of HPV infections worldwide, therapeutic vaccines are being developed. These vaccines aim to generate a cell-mediated immune response to infected cells. This review discusses current preventive and therapeutic HPV vaccines and their future directions.
摘要
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）与多种人类癌症有关，包括宫颈癌、外阴癌、阴道癌和肛门癌，以及一部分头颈部癌症。因此，针对 HPV 的有效疫苗接种为降低 HPV 相关发病率和死亡率提供了机会。美国食品和药物管理局已经批准了两种预防性疫苗，以限制 HPV 的传播。然而，在未来许多年内，这些疫苗不太可能对 HPV 流行率和宫颈癌发病率产生影响。此外，预防性疫苗对已存在的 HPV 感染和 HPV 相关病变没有治疗作用。为了进一步降低全球 HPV 感染负担，正在开发治疗性疫苗。这些疫苗旨在针对受感染的细胞产生细胞介导的免疫反应。本综述讨论了当前的预防性和治疗性 HPV 疫苗及其未来方向。
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