Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, , Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2010 Mar 13;368(1914):1163-74. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2009.0266.
Multi-scaling and the systematic investigation of mesoscopic structures represent a field of fruitful cooperation in physics, chemistry, mineralogy and life sciences. The increasing miniaturization of devices as well as the emphasis of recent research on microstructures with length scales of a few nanometres lead to paradigm changes that may impact not only on our scientific understanding of fine-grained structures but also on the way we will develop device materials in the future. Here the role of interfaces becomes more important, and developments in areas such as 'domain boundary engineering' are evidence of this scientific evolution. In addition, nano-porous materials are particularly important in geology and in the development of artificial bones and ultra-light metals. Some of these developments are reviewed in this paper.
多尺度和介观结构的系统研究代表了物理学、化学、矿物学和生命科学领域富有成效的合作领域。器件的不断小型化以及最近对几纳米长度尺度的微结构的研究重点导致了范式的变化，这不仅可能影响我们对细观结构的科学理解，也可能影响我们未来开发器件材料的方式。在这里，界面的作用变得更加重要，“畴界工程”等领域的发展就是这种科学演变的证据。此外，纳米多孔材料在地质学和人工骨骼以及超轻金属的发展中尤为重要。本文综述了其中的一些发展。
