Mihardja Laurentia, Manz Hadi Siswoyo, Ghani Lannywati, Soegondo Sidartawan
National Institute Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia. Jl. Percetakan Negara, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia.
Acta Med Indones. 2009 Oct;41(4):169-74.
To estimate the prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in 15 year old and over in urban Indonesia and their association with risk factors such as age, smoking, physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension.
A national sample involving 24,417 participants living in urban Indonesia aged > 15 years were examined for 2 hours of plasma glucose concentrations in a cross sectional survey using the 75-g oral glucose. Diagnostic criteria of the World Health Organization 1999 and American Diabetes Association (ADA) 2003 were used to determine the prevalence of abnormal glucose tolerance. Data on age, smoking, physical activity were obtained from the personal interview, and obesity included body mass index and waist circumference and blood pressure were measured.
The prevalences of diabetes in urban Indonesia was 5.7%, consisting of diagnosed diabetes mellitus (DDM) 1.5%, undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (UDDM) 4.2% and IGT 10.2%. The prevalence of DM was 6.4% in women and 4.9% in men. In the youngest group (15-24 years) 5.3% had IGT. Prevalence increases with age with a sharp rise from middle age (35-54 years). Determinant factors for IGT and diabetes were age, smoking, obesity, central obesity and hypertension.
these results indicate that diabetes has become a major public health problem in Indonesia and needs national strategies to screen, prevent and treat the disease.
评估印度尼西亚城市地区15岁及以上人群中已诊断和未诊断的糖尿病（DM）及糖耐量受损（IGT）的患病率，以及它们与年龄、吸烟、缺乏体育活动、肥胖、高血压等危险因素的关联。
在一项横断面调查中，对24417名年龄大于15岁、居住在印度尼西亚城市地区的参与者进行了75克口服葡萄糖耐量试验，检测其2小时血浆葡萄糖浓度。采用世界卫生组织1999年和美国糖尿病协会（ADA）2003年的诊断标准来确定糖耐量异常的患病率。通过个人访谈获取年龄、吸烟、体育活动等数据，并测量肥胖指标（包括体重指数和腰围）以及血压。
印度尼西亚城市地区糖尿病的患病率为5.7%，其中已诊断糖尿病（DDM）为1.5%，未诊断糖尿病（UDDM）为4.2%，IGT为10.2%。女性糖尿病患病率为6.4%，男性为4.9%。在最年轻的组（15 - 24岁）中，5.3%的人患有IGT。患病率随年龄增长而增加，从中年（35 - 54岁）开始急剧上升。IGT和糖尿病的决定因素为年龄、吸烟、肥胖、中心性肥胖和高血压。
这些结果表明，糖尿病已成为印度尼西亚的一个主要公共卫生问题，需要国家制定筛查、预防和治疗该疾病的策略。
