不同脱胶工艺及一些非传统中和剂对精炼菜籽油的影响。
Effect of different degumming processes and some nontraditional neutralizing agent on refining of RBO.
作者信息
De Bijay Krishna, Patel J D
机构信息
Department of Industrial Chemistry, Division of Oils, Fats & Waxes, Institute of Science & Technology for Advanced Studies & Research (ISTAR), Anand, Gujarat, India.
出版信息
J Oleo Sci. 2010;59(3):121-5. doi: 10.5650/jos.59.121.
The present investigation aimed at finding out the effect of different degumming processes and on the use of some nontraditional alkaline material for refining of rice bran oil. Attempt was made to treat crude rice bran oil with H(2)O, and H(3)PO(4) for degumming followed by with alum or H(2)O for dewaxing. After removal of the gums and waxes the oil was neutralized with commonly used NaOH, and some nontraditional neutralizing agents like Na(2)CO(3) and NaHCO(3). Finally the oil was bleached traditionally using earth and charcoal and deodorized. The RBD oil was characterized by determining their color, peroxide value, content of unsaponifiable matter, and free fatty acids. Among the different processes tried degumming with 0.2 %, w/w, H(3)PO(4) followed by dewaxing with 2.0 %, w/w, H(2)O; bleaching with tonsil earth (1.5 %, w/w) and charcoal (0.5 %, w/w) and finally deodorization at 220 degrees C temperature and 2-4 mm Hg pressure resulted best quality oil in terms of the measured parameters. The characteristics of refined rice bran oil could be as content of FFA and UM 0.2 (%, w/w), 2.6 (%, w/w) respectively; color 10.9Y, 2.0R (in 2.54 cm Lovibond Tintometer cell); PV 3.3 (meq/kg). The oil yield is 78-85 % (by weight).
本研究旨在探究不同脱胶工艺以及使用一些非传统碱性物质对米糠油精炼的影响。尝试用H₂O和H₃PO₄处理粗米糠油进行脱胶，随后用明矾或H₂O进行脱蜡。去除胶质和蜡质后，用常用的NaOH以及一些非传统中和剂如Na₂CO₃和NaHCO₃对油进行中和。最后，传统地使用白土和活性炭对油进行脱色和脱臭。通过测定其颜色、过氧化值、不皂化物含量和游离脂肪酸含量对精炼、脱色、脱臭（RBD）油进行表征。在所尝试的不同工艺中，用0.2%（w/w）的H₃PO₄脱胶，随后用2.0%（w/w）的H₂O脱蜡；用扁桃体白土（1.5%，w/w）和活性炭（0.5%，w/w）脱色，最后在220℃温度和2 - 4 mmHg压力下脱臭，就所测参数而言，得到了品质最佳的油。精炼米糠油的特性可为：游离脂肪酸（FFA）含量和不皂化物（UM）含量分别为0.2%（w/w）、2.6%（w/w）；颜色为10.9Y，2.0R（在2.54 cm罗维朋比色计比色槽中）；过氧化值（PV）为3.3（meq/kg）。出油率为78 - 85%（按重量计）。
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