University Hospital Charité, Berlin, Germany.
Semin Immunopathol. 2010 Mar;32(1):17-31. doi: 10.1007/s00281-009-0188-x. Epub 2010 Feb 2.
Interleukin (IL)-22 is a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines and represents an important effector molecule of activated Th22, Th1, and Th17 cells, as well as Tc-cell subsets, gammadelta T cells, natural killer (NK), and NKT cells. IL-22 mediates its effects via a heterodimeric transmembrane receptor complex consisting of IL-22R1 and IL-10R2 and subsequent Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling pathways including Jak1, Tyk2, and STAT3. Whereas in some aspects, IL-22 acts synergistically with tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1beta, or IL-17, most functions of IL-22 are unique. Importantly, IL-22 does not serve the communication between immune cells. It mainly acts on epithelial cells and hepatocytes, where it favors the antimicrobial defense, regeneration, and protection against damage and induces acute phase reactants and some chemokines. This chapter illuminates in detail the properties of IL-22 with respect to its gene, protein structure, cellular sources, receptors, target cells, biological effects, and, finally, its role in chronic inflammatory diseases, tumors, and infection.
白细胞介素 (IL)-22 是白细胞介素 10 家族细胞因子的成员，代表激活的 Th22、Th1 和 Th17 细胞以及 T 细胞亚群、γδ T 细胞、自然杀伤 (NK) 和 NKT 细胞的重要效应分子。IL-22 通过由 IL-22R1 和 IL-10R2 组成的异二聚体跨膜受体复合物以及随后的 Janus 激酶信号转导物和转录激活物 (JAK-STAT) 信号通路发挥其作用，包括 Jak1、Tyk2 和 STAT3。虽然在某些方面，IL-22 与肿瘤坏死因子-α、IL-1β 或 IL-17 协同作用，但 IL-22 的大多数功能是独特的。重要的是，IL-22 不用于免疫细胞之间的通讯。它主要作用于上皮细胞和肝细胞，促进抗菌防御、再生和对损伤的保护，并诱导急性期反应物和一些趋化因子。本章详细阐述了 IL-22 的特性，包括其基因、蛋白质结构、细胞来源、受体、靶细胞、生物学效应，以及最后，其在慢性炎症性疾病、肿瘤和感染中的作用。
