Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Semin Neurol. 2010 Feb;30(1):15-22. doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1245005. Epub 2010 Feb 1.
Hyperkinetic movement disorders are characterized by an excessive degree of involuntary motor activity and are classified by their clinical phenomenology. The five major categories include tremor, dystonia, chorea and ballismus, tics, and myoclonus. This article presents a series of "pearls" for each category of movements, emphasizing the recognition of common disorders as well as rare, but treatable hyperkinesias. In addition to the major categories, clinical pearls also cover drug-induced movement disorders and psychogenic movement disorders.
运动障碍分为过度不自主运动障碍和运动障碍综合征，前者以运动过度为特征，后者以运动障碍为特征，后者主要有 5 种类型：震颤、舞蹈症、肌张力障碍、投掷症、抽动症和肌阵挛。本文列举了各种运动障碍的“要点”，强调了常见运动障碍和罕见但可治疗的运动障碍的识别。除了主要类型，本文还涵盖了药物性运动障碍和心因性运动障碍的要点。
