Oakes Patricia K, Srivatsal Sindhu R, Davis Marie Y, Samii Ali
Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2013 Nov;24(4):639-51. doi: 10.1016/j.pmr.2013.06.003. Epub 2013 Aug 27.
Movement disorders constitute a subspecialty of neurology focusing on a variety of conditions characterized by hypokinetic, hyperkinetic, or abnormally coordinated movements including, among others, tremor, dystonia, parkinsonism, myoclonus, chorea, ballismus, tics, restless limbs, and ataxia. The term "movement disorders" may be used to refer to either abnormal movements or syndromes that cause these abnormal movements. The classification of movement disorders is based on phenomenology, individual syndromes, or etiology. This article reviews terminology used to describe movement disorders, discusses individual movement disorders and their occurrence in patients with multiple sclerosis, and reviews treatment options.
运动障碍是神经病学的一个亚专业，专注于多种以运动减少、运动增多或运动协调异常为特征的病症，包括震颤、肌张力障碍、帕金森综合征、肌阵挛、舞蹈症、投掷症、抽搐、不宁腿和共济失调等。“运动障碍”一词可用于指代异常运动或导致这些异常运动的综合征。运动障碍的分类基于现象学、个体综合征或病因。本文回顾了用于描述运动障碍的术语，讨论了个体运动障碍及其在多发性硬化症患者中的发生情况，并回顾了治疗选择。
