Department of Anatomy, Histology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
J Appl Toxicol. 2010 Jul;30(5):397-401. doi: 10.1002/jat.1509.
Agrochemicals, including pesticides, are being used in increasing amounts in agriculture and are therefore potential environmental contaminants which may affect a variety of biological systems. The pesticide residues directly affect the embryos, disturbing their normal development and causing pathophysiological and morphological changes. We have observed embryotoxicity of cholinesterase inhibitor bendiocarb in the chick embryo. The pesticide dissolved in 10% acetone in water for injection was applied in a volume of 200 microl over the embryo through membrana papyracea at embryonic days (ED) 2, 3, 4, 5 and 10. The toxicity of bendiocarb was rather low, and lethal dose (LD(50)) decreased with advancing development from 0.97 mg per egg at ED 2 to 28.6 mg on ED 5. The malformations in surviving embryos were observed rarely (<2%) and occurred in both control and experimental groups. In the treatment at ED 5 and 10 there was a statistically significant reduction in body weight, but the maximum difference from controls was below 14%. In treated chick embryos on ED 3 and 4 was observed a small but not significant increase in number of dead cells using supravital staining. We conclude that bendiocarb possesses no significant toxicity in the avian embryo. Our analysis of bendiocarb embryotoxic potential in the chick embryo supports the earlier observations in other animal models, testifying to the relative safety of bendiocarb for the embryo or fetus.
农用化学品，包括杀虫剂，在农业中的使用量正在增加，因此它们可能是潜在的环境污染物，会影响到各种生物系统。农药残留直接影响胚胎，干扰其正常发育，并导致病理生理和形态变化。我们已经观察到杀虫剂苯氧威对鸡胚的胚胎毒性。将农药溶解在水中的 10%丙酮溶液中，通过胚胎第 2、3、4、5 和 10 天的纸质膜以 200 微升的体积应用于胚胎。苯氧威的毒性相当低，致死剂量（LD（50））随着发育的进展而降低，从胚胎第 2 天的每枚蛋 0.97 毫克降低到第 5 天的 28.6 毫克。在存活的胚胎中观察到的畸形很少（<2%），并且在对照组和实验组中都有发生。在胚胎第 5 和 10 天的治疗中，体重明显减轻，但与对照组的最大差异低于 14%。在胚胎第 3 和 4 天用活体染色观察到处理过的鸡胚中的死亡细胞数量略有增加，但无统计学意义。我们得出结论，苯氧威对禽类胚胎没有显著毒性。我们对鸡胚中苯氧威胚胎毒性的分析支持了在其他动物模型中的早期观察结果，证明了苯氧威对胚胎或胎儿的相对安全性。
