Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, PMB 1459, Ilorin, Nigeria.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2009;19(6):474-80.
The aims of the study were to establish the prevalence of self-reported allergic rhinitis in an adult Nigerian population and to examine the relationship between asthma and allergic rhinitis.
We conducted an epidemiological study of adults aged between 18 and 45 years in Ilorin, Nigeria from 2005 to 2006. An adaptation of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey questionnaire was administered by trained assistants to obtain information on demographics, history of nasal allergies, asthma symptoms, and smoking history. The participants also underwent spirometry.
Of the 761 individuals screened, 733 were recruited, giving a participation rate of 96.3%; 441 (60.2%) were men and 292 (39.8%) were women. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis and asthma was 29.6% (n = 217) and 14.7% (n = 108), respectively. Of the individuals with allergic rhinitis, 31.8% (n = 69) had asthma and of those with asthma, 63.9% (n = 69) had allergic rhinitis. The mean (SD) age of those with allergic rhinitis was 31 (7.5) years and 65% (n = 141) were men. The determinants of asthma in individuals with allergic rhinitis were a family history of asthma (odds ratio [OR], 3.38), a history of smoking (OR, -2.58), high socioeconomic status (OR, 3.82) obesity (OR, 3.32), and wheezing (OR, 250). Lung volumes were reduced in those with both asthma and allergic rhinitis compared to those with allergic rhinitis alone.
Our study revealed a high prevalence of allergic rhinitis in individuals with asthma. It is therefore important to increase awareness of the existence of allergic rhinitis and asthma as a common airway disease to ensure adequate management and control of both conditions.
本研究旨在确定尼日利亚成年人中过敏性鼻炎的患病率，并探讨哮喘与过敏性鼻炎之间的关系。
我们于 2005 年至 2006 年在尼日利亚伊洛林进行了一项成人流行病学研究。经过培训的助手采用欧洲社区呼吸健康调查问卷的改编版，获取有关人口统计学、鼻部过敏史、哮喘症状和吸烟史的信息。参与者还接受了肺功能检查。
在筛选的 761 人中，有 733 人被招募，参与率为 96.3%；441 人（60.2%）为男性，292 人（39.8%）为女性。过敏性鼻炎和哮喘的患病率分别为 29.6%（n=217）和 14.7%（n=108）。过敏性鼻炎患者中，31.8%（n=69）患有哮喘，哮喘患者中，63.9%（n=69）患有过敏性鼻炎。过敏性鼻炎患者的平均（SD）年龄为 31（7.5）岁，其中 65%（n=141）为男性。过敏性鼻炎患者患哮喘的决定因素包括哮喘家族史（比值比[OR]，3.38）、吸烟史（OR，-2.58）、高社会经济地位（OR，3.82）、肥胖（OR，3.32）和喘息（OR，250）。与仅患有过敏性鼻炎的患者相比，同时患有哮喘和过敏性鼻炎的患者的肺容量降低。
我们的研究表明，哮喘患者中过敏性鼻炎的患病率较高。因此，提高对过敏性鼻炎和哮喘作为常见气道疾病的认识非常重要，以确保对这两种疾病进行充分的管理和控制。
