Department of Maternal and Pediatric Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Cà Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 9, Milan, Italy.
Early Hum Dev. 2010 Jul;86 Suppl 1:3-6. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.01.003. Epub 2010 Feb 4.
The docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) status of infants at birth and maternal DHA intake during pregnancy are interconnected and associated with infants' developmental performance. High-dosage supplementation of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs; particularly DHA) in mothers, started at mid-pregnancy, has been associated with long-term positive effects on intelligence quotient scores of neurodevelopment. Poor maternal and infant DHA status could partly contribute to the observed association between certain conditions and impaired developmental outcome. The dietary DHA enrichment of human milk seems to be functionally effective in breastfed infants only when lactating mothers start supplementation during pregnancy. Results from trials in artificially fed infants are dissimilar and could be related in part to uninvestigated covariates such as infant DHA status at birth and the individual genetic background. Nevertheless, DHA supplementation during the complementary feeding period seems to be effective in improving neurofunctional and visual performance.
婴儿出生时二十二碳六烯酸 (DHA，C22:6n-3) 的状况及其母亲在怀孕期间的 DHA 摄入量相互关联，并与婴儿的发育表现有关。母亲在妊娠中期开始补充高剂量的长链多不饱和脂肪酸（特别是 DHA），与长期对神经发育的智商评分产生积极影响有关。母亲和婴儿的 DHA 状况较差，可能是某些疾病与发育结果受损之间观察到的关联的部分原因。只有当哺乳期母亲在怀孕期间开始补充时，人乳中的膳食 DHA 富集似乎才能在母乳喂养的婴儿中发挥功能作用。人工喂养婴儿的试验结果不同，部分原因可能与未被调查的协变量有关，例如婴儿出生时的 DHA 状况和个体遗传背景。然而，在补充喂养期间补充 DHA 似乎可以有效改善神经功能和视觉表现。
