Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2011 Jan;172(1-4):353-65. doi: 10.1007/s10661-010-1339-1. Epub 2010 Feb 5.
Soil in metropolitan region suffers great contamination risk due to the rapid urbanization especially in developing countries. Beijing and Tianjin, together with their surrounding regions, form a mega-metropolitan region in northern China. To assess the soil environmental quality, a total of 458 surface soil samples were collected from this area. Concentrations of Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Cd, and Hg were analyzed and compared to the Chinese environmental quality standards for soil. Multivariate analysis was carried out to identify the possible sources and Geographic Information Systems techniques were applied to visualize the spatial data. It was found that the primary inputs of As were due to pedogenic sources, whereas Hg was mainly of anthropogenic source. Other elements including Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd were from both lithogenic and anthropogenic origins. Health risk assessment based on the maximum heavy metal concentration indicated that As derived from sewage irrigation area can result in carcinogenic lifetime risk due to ingestion and/or dermal contact of soil. The potential non-carcinogenic risk for children is significant for Pb and the cumulative effect of multiple metals is of concern for children in the vicinity of mining site. The results increased our knowledge for understanding natural and anthropogenic sources as well as health risk for metals in metropolitan soil.
由于快速城市化，特别是在发展中国家，大都市地区的土壤遭受了巨大的污染风险。北京和天津及其周边地区在中国北方形成了一个特大城市地区。为了评估土壤环境质量，从该地区共采集了 458 个表层土壤样本。分析了 Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn、As、Cd 和 Hg 的浓度，并与中国土壤环境质量标准进行了比较。进行了多元分析以确定可能的来源，并应用地理信息系统技术可视化空间数据。结果表明，As 的主要输入是成土来源，而 Hg 主要是人为来源。其他元素包括 Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn 和 Cd 来自岩石成因和人为来源。基于重金属最大浓度的健康风险评估表明，由于摄入和/或土壤的皮肤接触，来自污水灌溉区的 As 可能导致致癌终生风险。儿童对 Pb 的潜在非致癌风险是显著的，对于附近矿区的儿童，多种金属的累积效应令人担忧。这些结果增加了我们对大都市土壤中金属的自然和人为来源以及健康风险的认识。
