[有和无下背痛的足球运动员躯干肌肉力量的比较]

Maus U, Kieffer O, Siebert C H, Müller-Rath R, Andereya S, Eisenhardt D, Miltner O

Klinik für Orthopädieund Unfallchirurgie, Schwerpunkt Orthopädie RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen.

Z Orthop Unfall. 2010 Aug;148(4):459-65. doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1240755.

AIM OF THE STUDY

Low back pain in soccer players is one of the frequently appearing disorders caused by overuse. Myogenic dysbalances are under discussion as possible reason for this problem. In the present study the muscular strength profile of the trunk musculature of soccer players with and without low back pain was evaluated. The results of the asymptomatic players were compared to those of players with low back pain; furthermore, the collected data were compared to those of an asymptomatic reference group. The question posed was whether soccer players show a specific strength profile caused by the special, sports-specific requirements and whether this strength profile differs between players with and without low back pain.

METHOD

In the present study the isometric maximal strength of 18 soccer players with and 18 soccer players without low back pain was measured in all 3 planes. The reference group was provided by the Proxomed company, which had previously analysed 1045 healthy untrained individuals of various age groups.

RESULTS

The soccer players showed a sport-specific profile for the musculature, which was determined by a significant reduction of the flexion and rotation strength (flex: Ø 5.21 N/kg vs. Ø 6.49 N/kg; Ø 5.78 N/kg vs. Ø 6.66 N/kg respectively; rotation: left 7.09 N/kg, right 8.69 N/kg vs. left/right 10.1 N/kg; left 7.22 N/kg, right 8.24 N/kg vs. left/right 10.0 N/kg, respectively) as well as by an increased lateral flexion strength to the right-hand side in comparison to the reference group (lat. flex. right: 9.87 N/kg, respectively, 10.67 N/kg vs. 8.3 N/kg). A statistically significant correlation between the muscular activity in the trunk stability of soccer players with and without low back pain could not be shown.

CONCLUSION

Obviously sports-specific training with additional specific training of the trunk muscles is not sufficient for the development of a balanced strength of trunk musculature. In the present study an influence of the performance of the trunk musculature on the incidence of low back pain could not be shown.

研究目的

足球运动员的腰痛是过度使用引起的常见疾病之一。肌源性失衡被认为是该问题的可能原因。在本研究中，对有和没有腰痛的足球运动员躯干肌肉组织的肌力特征进行了评估。将无症状运动员的结果与有腰痛的运动员的结果进行比较；此外，将收集的数据与无症状参考组的数据进行比较。提出的问题是，足球运动员是否表现出由特殊的、特定运动的要求引起的特定力量特征，以及这种力量特征在有和没有腰痛的运动员之间是否不同。

方法

在本研究中，测量了18名有腰痛的足球运动员和18名没有腰痛的足球运动员在所有三个平面上的等长最大力量。参考组由Proxomed公司提供，该公司此前分析了1045名不同年龄组的健康未受过训练的个体。

结果

足球运动员表现出特定运动的肌肉组织特征，其特点是屈伸和旋转力量显著降低（屈伸：分别为Ø 5.21 N/kg对Ø 6.49 N/kg；Ø 5.78 N/kg对Ø 6.66 N/kg；旋转：左侧7.09 N/kg，右侧8.69 N/kg对左侧/右侧10.1 N/kg；左侧7.22 N/kg，右侧8.24 N/kg对左侧/右侧10.0 N/kg），并且与参考组相比，右侧侧屈力量增加（右侧侧屈：分别为9.87 N/kg、10.67 N/kg对8.3 N/kg）。有和没有腰痛的足球运动员在躯干稳定性方面的肌肉活动之间没有显示出统计学上的显著相关性。