Urban Johnson, Centre for Sport and Health Research, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2011 Feb;21(1):129-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01057.x.
Previous researches have established models that specify psychological factors that could predict sport injuries. One example is Williams and Andersen's stress-injury model stressing factors such as anxiety, negative life stress and few coping resources. The purpose of the current study was to find psychological factors that could lead to an increased injury risk among junior soccer players, in addition to construct an empirical model of injury risk factors for soccer players. The participants were 108 male and female soccer players (m=17, 6) studying at soccer high schools in southwest Sweden. Five questionnaires were used, State Trait Anxiety Inventory, Sport Anxiety Scale, Life Events Survey for Collegiate Athletes, Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-28 and Swedish universities Scales of Personality. Injury record was collected by athletic trainers at the schools during a period of 8 months. The result suggested four significant predictors that together could explain 23% of injury occurrence. The main factors are life event stress, somatic trait anxiety, mistrust and ineffective coping. These findings partly support Williams and Andersen's stress-injury model and are organized into an empirical model. Recommendations are given to sport medicine teams and coaches concerning issues in sport injury prevention.
先前的研究已经建立了可以预测运动损伤的心理因素模型。例如，Williams 和 Andersen 的应激损伤模型强调了焦虑、负面生活压力和应对资源较少等因素。本研究的目的是除了构建足球运动员损伤风险的实证模型外，还寻找可能导致青少年足球运动员受伤风险增加的心理因素。参与者是来自瑞典西南部足球高中的 108 名男女足球运动员（m=17,6）。使用了五个问卷，状态特质焦虑量表、运动焦虑量表、大学生运动员生活事件调查、运动应对技能量表-28 和瑞典大学人格量表。在 8 个月的时间里，学校的运动训练员收集了受伤记录。结果表明，有四个显著的预测因素可以共同解释 23%的受伤发生。主要因素是生活事件压力、躯体特质焦虑、不信任和应对无效。这些发现部分支持了 Williams 和 Andersen 的应激损伤模型，并将其组织成一个实证模型。针对运动损伤预防问题，向运动医学团队和教练提出了建议。
