Centre for Trauma, Resilience, and Growth, School of Sociology, Social Policy, and Social Work, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2010 Nov;30(7):830-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2010.01.002. Epub 2010 Jan 18.
Positive psychology has led to an increasing emphasis on the promotion of positive functioning in clinical psychology research and practice, raising issues of how to assess the positive in clinical setting. Three key considerations are presented. First, existing clinical measures may already be assessing positive functioning, if positive and negative functioning exist on a single continuum (such as on bipolar dimensions from happiness to depression, and from anxiety to relaxation). Second, specific measures of positive functioning (e.g., eudemonic well-being) could be used in conjunction with existing clinical scales. Third, completely different measures would be needed depending on whether well-being is defined as emotional or medical functioning, or as humanistically orientated growth (e.g., authenticity). It is important that clinical psychologists introduce positive functioning into their research and practice in order to widen their armoury of therapeutic interventions, but in doing so researchers and practitioners need also to be aware that they are shifting the agenda of clinical psychology. As such, progress in clinical psychology moving toward the adoption of positive functioning requires reflection on epistemological foundations.
积极心理学使得人们更加关注在临床心理学研究和实践中促进积极功能，这引发了如何在临床环境中评估积极功能的问题。本文提出了三个关键的考虑因素。首先，如果积极和消极功能存在于单一连续体上（例如，从幸福到抑郁的双极维度，以及从焦虑到放松），那么现有的临床测量方法可能已经在评估积极功能。其次，可以将积极功能的特定测量方法（例如，幸福的幸福感）与现有的临床量表一起使用。第三，根据幸福感是定义为情绪或医学功能，还是以人为导向的成长（例如真实性），则需要完全不同的措施。临床心理学家将积极功能引入其研究和实践中，以拓宽其治疗干预手段是很重要的，但是在这样做的过程中，研究人员和从业人员还需要意识到他们正在改变临床心理学的议程。因此，临床心理学朝着采用积极功能的方向发展，需要对认识论基础进行反思。
