Oboh Ganiyu, Akomolafe Toyin L, Adefegha Stephen A, Adetuyi Abayomi O
Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, P.M.B. 704, Akure 340001, Ondo State, Nigeria.
Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2011 Mar;63(3):257-62. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.01.003.
Annatto (Bixa orellana) seeds are widely distributed throughout the Tropics and have been used to provide both colour and flavour to food. This study sought to assess the ability of dietary inclusion of polar (water) and non-polar (chloroform) extracts of Annatto (B. orellana) seeds on cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress in rat brain. The total phenol content and antioxidant activities of polar (water) and non-polar (chloroform) extracts of Annatto seeds were determined in vitro and in vivo. The results of the study showed that intraperitoneal administration of cyclophosphamide (75 mg/kg of body weight) caused a significant increase (P<0.05) in the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the brain; however, dietary inclusion of Annatto seed extracts (0.1% and 0.2%) caused dose-dependent significant decrease (P<0.05) in the MDA content of the brain. Likewise, the extracts also caused dose-dependent inhibition of the elevated serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin. However, the non-polar extract had significantly higher inhibitory effects on the elevated MDA production in brain and serum liver function markers. This higher protective effect of the non-polar extract could be attributed to its higher antioxidant properties as typified by its significantly higher (P<0.05) reducing power, free-radical scavenging and Fe (II) chelating ability. Therefore, dietary inclusion of Annato seed extracts as food colourant could prevent oxidative stress occasioned by cyclophosphamide administration, but the non-polar extract is a better protectant.
胭脂树（红木）种子广泛分布于热带地区，一直被用于为食物增添色泽和风味。本研究旨在评估在饮食中添加胭脂树（红木）种子的极性（水）提取物和非极性（氯仿）提取物对环磷酰胺诱导的大鼠脑氧化应激的影响。对胭脂树种子的极性（水）提取物和非极性（氯仿）提取物的总酚含量和抗氧化活性进行了体外和体内测定。研究结果表明，腹腔注射环磷酰胺（75毫克/千克体重）导致脑丙二醛（MDA）含量显著增加（P<0.05）；然而，在饮食中添加胭脂树种子提取物（0.1%和0.2%）导致脑MDA含量呈剂量依赖性显著降低（P<0.05）。同样，提取物还导致血清谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶（SGOT）、谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶（SGPT）、碱性磷酸酶和总胆红素升高受到剂量依赖性抑制。然而，非极性提取物对脑MDA生成增加和血清肝功能标志物的抑制作用显著更高。非极性提取物的这种更高的保护作用可能归因于其更高的抗氧化性能，其表现为显著更高（P<0.05）的还原能力、自由基清除能力和铁（II）螯合能力。因此，在饮食中添加胭脂树种子提取物作为食用色素可以预防环磷酰胺给药引起的氧化应激，但非极性提取物是更好的保护剂。
