Division of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, and Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
J Pediatr. 2010 May;156(5):724-30, 730.e1-730.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.11.010. Epub 2010 Feb 6.
To assess dietary and physical activity patterns and morning circulating blood levels of the orexigenic hormones ghrelin and visfatin in children with either obesity, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), or both conditions.
In this cross-sectional design, 5- to 9-year-old participants (n = 245) from the community were identified. After overnight polysomnography, caregivers filled out a food and physical activity questionnaire, and the child underwent a fasting blood draw for ghrelin and visfatin plasma levels.
Compared with control subjects, obese children with OSA ate 2.2-times more fast food, ate less healthy food such as fruits and vegetables, and were 4.2-times less frequently involved in organized sports. OSA was positively correlated with plasma ghrelin levels (R(2), 0.73; P < .0001), but not visfatin levels, particularly when obesity was present.
OSA and obesity in children may adversely impact dietary preferences and may be particularly detrimental to daily physical activity patterns. Furthermore, increased ghrelin levels support the presence of increased appetite and caloric intake in obese patients with OSA, which in turn may further promote the severity of the underlying conditions.
评估肥胖症、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）或两者共存患儿的饮食和体力活动模式以及清晨循环血液中食欲激素 ghrelin 和 visfatin 的水平。
在这项横断面设计中，从社区中确定了 5 至 9 岁的参与者（n=245）。在过夜多导睡眠图检查后，照顾者填写了一份食物和体力活动问卷，并且孩子进行了空腹血液检查以测量 ghrelin 和 visfatin 的血浆水平。
与对照组相比，合并 OSA 的肥胖症患儿食用快餐的频率高出 2.2 倍，食用健康食品（如水果和蔬菜）的频率较低，参加有组织的体育活动的频率低 4.2 倍。OSA 与血浆 ghrelin 水平呈正相关（R²，0.73；P<0.0001），但与 visfatin 水平无关，尤其是在存在肥胖症的情况下。
儿童的 OSA 和肥胖症可能会对饮食偏好产生不利影响，并且可能特别不利于日常体力活动模式。此外，ghrelin 水平的增加支持合并 OSA 的肥胖症患者存在食欲增加和热量摄入增加，这反过来可能进一步加重潜在疾病的严重程度。
