Manning C K, Lieux E M
J Nutr Elder. 1991;10(2):5-19. doi: 10.1300/J052v10n02_03.
Using the productivity ratio, labor min/meal, this study analyzed the contribution of volunteer as well as paid staff in the congregate and home delivered meal services of eight nutrition programs for the elderly. A simple monitoring instrument was used to record volunteer and paid staff work activities. The contribution by volunteers was substantial and varied significantly among the centers and by number of meals served. Volunteer time was greater than paid staff time for the service and cleaning components of congregate service and for the transportation component of home delivered service. Understanding the volunteer contribution in elderly nutrition programs is important to program administrators as they make decisions for the provision of nutrition services to an expanding clientele with limited federal funding.
本研究采用生产率比率（劳动分钟/餐），分析了志愿者以及有偿工作人员在八个老年人营养项目的集体用餐和上门送餐服务中的贡献。使用一种简单的监测工具来记录志愿者和有偿工作人员的工作活动。志愿者的贡献很大，且在各中心之间以及根据送餐数量有显著差异。在集体用餐服务的服务和清洁环节以及上门送餐服务的运输环节，志愿者投入的时间多于有偿工作人员。了解志愿者在老年人营养项目中的贡献，对于项目管理人员在联邦资金有限的情况下，为不断扩大的客户群体提供营养服务时做出决策非常重要。
