Lloyd Jean L, Wellman Nancy S
a Office of Nutrition and Health Promotion, Administration on Aging, Administration for Community Living, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services , Washington , DC , USA.
J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr. 2015;34(2):90-109. doi: 10.1080/21551197.2015.1031592.
Nutrition interventions are important as the older population, most of whom live in the community, increases in size and diversity. They are key to leading a healthy, functional life and mitigating chronic health conditions. The Older Americans Act Nutrition Program served 86.3 million congregate and 137.4 million home-delivered meals to 1.6 million and 850,000 older adults, respectively (2012). Congregate and home-delivered participants were older, poorer, sicker, more functionally impaired, and at a greater risk of institutionalization than the general U.S. older population. The Nutrition Program is publically and privately funded. About 44% of congregate and 30% of home-delivered expenditures are from federal sources, which dropped from $25 per older adult in 1990 to $12 in 2013. Despite multiple funding sources, funding is insufficient for the expanding older population. Health, nutrition, and social service professionals need to coordinate their community-based services to truly help older adults remain in their homes.
随着老年人口数量增加且日益多样化（其中大多数居住在社区），营养干预变得愈发重要。营养干预是过上健康、有活力生活以及缓解慢性健康问题的关键。《美国老年人法案》营养项目分别为160万和85万老年人提供了8630万份集体用餐和1.374亿份上门送餐服务（2012年数据）。与美国普通老年人群相比，集体用餐和上门送餐服务的参与者年龄更大、更贫困、健康状况更差、功能障碍更多，且被送进养老院的风险更高。营养项目由公共和私人资金资助。集体用餐支出约44%、上门送餐支出约30%来自联邦资金，这一比例已从1990年每位老年人25美元降至2013年的12美元。尽管有多种资金来源，但对于不断增长的老年人口来说，资金仍然不足。健康、营养和社会服务专业人员需要协调他们基于社区的服务，以真正帮助老年人居家养老。
