Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Schizophr Res. 2010 Sep;122(1-3):219-25. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2010.01.006. Epub 2010 Feb 6.
Correlational methods, unlike cluster analyses, cannot take into account the possibility that individuals score highly on more than one symptom dimension simultaneously. This may account for some of the inconsistency found in the literature of correlates of schizotypy dimensions. This study explored the clustering of positive and negative schizotypy dimensions in nonclinical subjects and whether schizotypy clusters have meaningful patterns of adjustment in terms of psychopathology, social functioning, and personality.
Positive and negative schizotypy dimensional scores were derived from the Chapman Psychosis-Proneness Scales for 6137 college students and submitted to cluster analysis. Of these, 780 completed the NEO-PI-R and Social Adjustment Scale-self report version, and a further 430 were interviewed for schizophrenia-spectrum, mood, and substance use psychopathology.
Four clusters were obtained: low (nonschizotypic), high positive, high negative, and mixed (high positive and negative) schizotypy. The positive schizotypy cluster presented high rates of psychotic-like experiences, schizotypal and paranoid symptoms, had affective and substance abuse pathology, and was open to experience and extraverted. The negative schizotypy cluster had high rates of negative and schizoid symptoms, impaired social adjustment, high conscientiousness and low agreeableness. The mixed cluster was the most deviant on almost all aspects.
Our cluster solution is consistent with the limited cluster analytic studies reported in schizotypy and schizophrenia, indicating that meaningful profiles of schizotypy features can be detected in nonclinical populations. The clusters identified displayed a distinct and meaningful pattern of correlates in different domains, thus providing construct validity to the schizotypy types defined.
与聚类分析不同，相关方法不能考虑到个体同时在多个症状维度上得分较高的可能性。这可能解释了在精神分裂症倾向维度相关因素的文献中发现的一些不一致性。本研究探讨了非临床受试者中阳性和阴性精神分裂症倾向维度的聚类情况，以及精神分裂症倾向聚类在心理病理学、社会功能和人格方面是否具有有意义的调整模式。
从 6137 名大学生的查普曼精神病倾向量表中得出阳性和阴性精神分裂症倾向维度得分，并对其进行聚类分析。其中，780 人完成了 NEO-PI-R 和社会适应量表-自我报告版，另有 430 人接受了精神分裂症谱系、情绪和物质使用精神病理学的访谈。
得到了四个聚类：低（非精神分裂症）、高阳性、高阴性和混合（高阳性和阴性）精神分裂症倾向。阳性精神分裂症倾向聚类表现出高比例的类精神病体验、精神分裂症和偏执症状，存在情感和物质滥用病理学，并且开放体验和外向。阴性精神分裂症倾向聚类具有高比例的阴性和分裂症状、社会适应不良、高尽责性和低宜人性。混合聚类在几乎所有方面都是最异常的。
我们的聚类解决方案与精神分裂症倾向的有限聚类分析研究报告一致，表明在非临床人群中可以检测到有意义的精神分裂症倾向特征模式。所确定的聚类在不同领域表现出明显而有意义的相关性模式，从而为定义的精神分裂症倾向类型提供了结构效度。
