Harding G, Harding E
GE Security Germany GmbH, Heselstuecken 3, D-22453 Hamburg, Germany.
Appl Radiat Isot. 2010 Jun;68(6):993-1005. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2010.01.035. Epub 2010 Jan 28.
This review discusses the principles and technological realisation of a technique, termed Compton scatter imaging (CSI), which is based on spatially resolved detection of Compton scattered X-rays. The applicational focus of this review is to objects of historical interest. Following a historical survey of CSI, a description is given of the major characteristics of Compton X-ray scatter. In particular back-scattered X-rays allow massive objects to be imaged, which would otherwise be too absorbing for the conventional transmission X-ray technique. The ComScan (an acronym for Compton scatter scanner) is a commercially available backscatter imaging system, which is discussed here in some detail. ComScan images from some artefacts of historical interest, namely a fresco, an Egyptian mummy and a mediaeval clasp are presented and their use in historical analysis is indicated. The utility of scientific and technical advance for not only exploring history, but also restoring it, is briefly discussed.
本综述讨论了一种称为康普顿散射成像（CSI）技术的原理和技术实现，该技术基于对康普顿散射X射线的空间分辨检测。本综述的应用重点是具有历史意义的物体。在对CSI进行历史考察之后，描述了康普顿X射线散射的主要特征。特别是背散射X射线可以对大型物体进行成像，否则这些物体对于传统的透射X射线技术来说吸收性太强。ComScan（康普顿散射扫描仪的缩写）是一种商用背散射成像系统，在此将对其进行详细讨论。展示了一些具有历史意义的文物的ComScan图像，即一幅壁画、一具埃及木乃伊和一个中世纪的扣环，并指出了它们在历史分析中的用途。简要讨论了科学技术进步不仅在探索历史方面，而且在恢复历史方面的效用。
