肺癌中的染色体和基因组改变。
Chromosomal and genomic changes in lung cancer.
机构信息
Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Center, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA.
出版信息
Cell Adh Migr. 2010 Jan-Mar;4(1):100-6. doi: 10.4161/cam.4.1.10884. Epub 2010 Jan 7.
Abstract
Lung cancer is a complex spectrum of diseases characterized by extensive genomic instability, which can be detected among both histological subtypes and different foci within a tumor. Conventional and cutting edge investigative technologies have uncovered scores of genomic changes in individual specimens that have been used to characterize specific molecular subtypes. Oncogenes with predominant roles in lung cancer include EGFR, MYC and RAS family members, PIK3CA, NKX2-1 and ALK; tumor suppressor genes include TP53, RB1, CDKN2, and a cluster of genes mapped at 3p. MicroRNA regulators also have been linked to lung cancer. The functional role of the recurrent genomic changes in lung tumors has been explored, which has led to a better understanding of cell growth, differentiation and apoptotic pathways. Additionally, this knowledge has supported the development of novel therapeutics and translational tools for selection of patients for personalized therapy.
摘要
肺癌是一种复杂的疾病谱，其特征是广泛的基因组不稳定性，这种不稳定性可以在组织学亚型和肿瘤内的不同焦点中检测到。传统和前沿的研究技术已经发现了个体标本中数十种基因组变化，这些变化被用来描述特定的分子亚型。在肺癌中起主要作用的癌基因包括 EGFR、MYC 和 RAS 家族成员、PIK3CA、NKX2-1 和 ALK；肿瘤抑制基因包括 TP53、RB1、CDKN2 和 3p 上定位的一组基因。microRNA 调节剂也与肺癌有关。反复出现的基因组变化在肺癌肿瘤中的功能作用已经被探索，这有助于更好地理解细胞生长、分化和凋亡途径。此外，这些知识支持了新型治疗药物的开发和为个性化治疗选择患者的转化工具。
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